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پردیس دانشگاه
Elias Noraei

Elias Noraei

Associate Professor / ادبيات و علوم انساني / Persian literature

Current courses

Course Name unit term
Evolution of Persian poetry texts 2 first semester Academic year 2025-2026
2 first semester Academic year 2025-2026
2 first semester Academic year 2025-2026
2 first semester Academic year 2025-2026
Research in Rhetorical Science 2 first semester Academic year 2025-2026
2 first semester Academic year 2025-2026

Master Theses

  1. A Comparative Study of the Components of Social Realism in the Short Stories of Sadeqh Hedayat and William Sydney Porter (O. Henry)
    Parastoo Ghanbarali Baghni 2026
    Abstract   adegh Hedayat is one of the founders of modern short story writing in Iran, and many storytellers after him have been influenced by his writing school and have directly or indirectly modeled after him. William Sydney Porter, known as (O. Henry), has been called the great master of the short story in the world for creating attractive works in the form of short stories. If we call Hedayat the "Emperor of Short Stories" in Iran, then undoubtedly O. Henry is the "Emperor of Short Stories" in America. Because both writers (Hedayat and O. Henry) have written stories under the influence of various social, political, and cultural factors that have exhibited the historical society of their era, and both have been able to portray pessimism, poverty, >  Keywords: Sadeq Hedayat, William Sydney Porter (O. Henry), Comparative Literature, Social Realism, Short Story, Elements of Story.      
  2. An Analytical Study of the Interpretive Aspects of the Myths of Siavash, Kay Khosrow, and Rostam in the Ritual Hymns of the Cheheltan-e Heydari
    Sajad Rezaei 2026
  3. Structural Analysis of Narrative in Paulo Coelho's Works Based on Labov Narrative Model
    Mohammad Khodadadian 2026
  4. Investigating the social and moral aspects of parto kermanshahi's poems
    Siroos Nikravesh 2026
  5. Examining and adapting the literary type of prayers in Persian and Kurdish languages (case study of Khaja Abdullah Ansari's prayers and Gholam Reza Khan Arquazi's prayers)
    Khodabakhsh Rezaei baziani 2026
    Supplications are a literary genre that is “mostly used for speeches in the form of verse and prose that are used to express a secret and express a need to God, along with gratitude to Him, and sometimes contain repentance and turning away from sin” (Dekhoda, Dictionary). This literary genre has long been widely accepted among Iranians, and many examples of it can be found in the works and poetic collections of poets and writers of this land; some poets have even been considered distinct from others due to their expertise and proficiency in composing this literary genre. Supplications also have a special place in literary works of other languages, and for this reason they can be one of thesubjects worth studying in the field of comparative literature. In the meantime, Kurdish literature also requires its own special approach, with its many supplications on various topics. Oral literature and popular culture are closely related to the two Iranian and Kurdish peoples. The neighborhood and common political and economic conditions of these two peoples have had a profound impact on their political and cultural destiny. Among the brilliant works in this field are the prayer books of Khwaja Abdullah Ansari and theprayers of Gholam Reza Khan Arkwazi. This study will conduct a comparative study of these two works. This study was written using a descriptive-analyticalmethod to identify the similarities and differences in the views of the two personalities, in order to increase awareness of prayer books. The opinions andtheories of these two authors are in many cases the same or similar. The root of these similarities is in the epistemological origin of the two, which is thereligion of Islam. The difference is that the mystical school of Khwaja Abdullah Ansari is more advanced. The Shiite religion of Gholam Reza KhanArkwazi has also caused some differences in their works. The present study aims to compare these works and examine their influences, rhetorical elements,cultural contexts, and narrative types. The research method in this study is descriptive, and the data will be examined based on the content analysistechnique using library and document research methods.
  6. Sociological Criticism Of Farangis War- Oriented Novel Based on Goldmanns Theory.
    Foroozan Rakar 2025
       هدف: اين پژوهش با هدف تحليل جامعه‌شناختي رمان «فرنگيس» اثر مهناز فتاحي، بر اساس نظريّة ساخت‌گرايي تكويني لوسين گلدمن انجام شده است. در اين تحقيق تلاش شده تا بازتاب مسائل اجتماعي، فرهنگي، اقتصادي و سياسي جامعه ايران در دوران جنگ تحميلي و پس از آن دراين اثر بررسي شود. همچنين بررسي شده كه چگونه اين رمان با ايجاد ارتباط ميان ساختارهاي اجتماعي و عناصر ادبي، نقش مؤثري در انتقال آگاهي جمعي و تداوم ارزش‌هاي دفاع مقدس ايفا مي‌كند. روش‌شناسي تحقيق: پژوهش حاضر به شيوة توصيفي- تحليلي صورت‌گرفته است. با استفاده از نظريّة ساخت‌گرايي‌تكويني، محتواي رمان از منظر ارتباط ميان ساختار اجتماعي و سبك ادبي آن تحليل شده است. منابع مرتبط و مطالعات پيشين نيز براي تقويت تحليل مورد بررسي قرار گرفته‌اند.   يافته‌ها: نتايج تحقيق نشان مي‌دهدكه سبك رئاليسم انتقادي دراين اثر به‌خوبي توانسته است مصائب و دغدغه‌هاي مردم جنگ‌زده ايران را به تصوير بكشد. نويسنده با پرداختن به موضوعات خانواده، فرهنگ، سياست و اقتصاد، توانسته نمايي واقعي از شرايط اجتماعي آن دوران ارائه دهد و برنقش مقاومت و رشادت مردم تأكيد كند. همچنين تحليل نشان مي‌دهدكه اين اثر با خلق جامعه‌اي آرماني‌تر از واقعيت، ديدگاه‌هاي اصلاحي را به خوانندگان منتقل كرده و با تأكيد بر نقش مردم در تحوّل جمعي را ارتقا داده است. نتيجه‌گيري: بررسي جامعه‌شناختي رمان «فرنگيس» نشان مي‌دهد كه اين اثر نه‌تنها روايت‌گر تاريخ جنگ تحميلي و مصائب مردم ايران، به‌ويژه جنگ‌زدگان گيلانغرب است، بلكه بستري براي انتقال آگاهي جمعي و حفظ آرمان‌هاي دفاع‌مقدس فراهم مي‌كند. نويسنده با بهره‌گيري از سبك رئاليسم انتقادي، توانسته است مقاومت، رشادت و شرايط دشوار اجتماعي، فرهنگي و اقتصادي را به‌طور ملموس و واقع‌گرايانه به تصوير بكشد. بر اساس نظريه ساخت‌گرايي تكويني لوسين گلدمن، اين اثر با خلق جامعه‌اي زيباتر از واقعيت، تحولات اصلاحي را به خوانندگان منتقل كرده و توانسته مخاطبان را در فهم تأثيرات جنگ بر جامعه، آگاه‌تر سازد. در نهايت، «فرنگيس» را مي‌توان نه‌تنها يك روايت مستند از تاريخ جنگ، بلكه سندي اجتماعي،‌ ادبي دانست‌كه نقش مهمي در بازتاب مسائل اجتماعي و تداوم ارزش‌هاي مقاومت ايفا مي‌كند. واژگان كليدي: جامعه‌شناسي ادبيات،گلدمن، ساختارگرايي، مهناز فتاحي، رمان فرنگيس.       هدف: اين پژوهش با هدف تحليل جامعه‌شناختي رمان «فرنگيس» اثر مهناز فتاحي، بر اساس نظريّة ساخت‌گرايي تكويني لوسين گلدمن انجام شده است. در اين تحقيق تلاش شده تا بازتاب مسائل اجتماعي، فرهنگي، اقتصادي و سياسي جامعه ايران در دوران جنگ تحميلي و پس از آن دراين اثر بررسي شود. همچنين بررسي شده كه چگونه اين رمان با ايجاد ارتباط ميان ساختارهاي اجتماعي و عناصر ادبي، نقش مؤثري در انتقال آگاهي جمعي و تداوم ارزش‌هاي دفاع مقدس ايفا مي‌كند. روش‌شناسي تحقيق: پژوهش حاضر به شيوة توصيفي- تحليلي صورت‌گرفته است. با استفاده از نظريّة ساخت‌گرايي‌تكويني، محتواي رمان از منظر ارتباط ميان ساختار اجتماعي و سبك ادبي آن تحليل شده است. منابع مرتبط و مطالعات پيشين نيز براي تقويت تحليل مورد بررسي قرار گرفته‌اند.   يافته‌ها: نتايج تحقيق نشان مي‌دهدكه سبك رئاليسم انتقادي دراين اثر به‌خوبي توانسته است مصائب و دغدغه‌هاي مردم جنگ‌زده ايران را به تصوير بكشد. نويسنده با پرداختن به موضوعات خانواده، فرهنگ، سياست و اقتصاد، توانسته نمايي واقعي از شرايط اجتماعي آن دوران ارائه دهد و برنقش مقاومت و رشادت مردم تأكيد كند. همچنين تحليل نشان مي‌دهدكه اين اثر با خلق جامعه‌اي آرماني‌تر از واقعيت، ديدگاه‌هاي اصلاحي را به خوانندگان منتقل كرده و با تأكيد بر نقش مردم در تحوّل جمعي را ارتقا داده است.
  7. Examining The Role Of Women In Several Different Novels (Farangis,Kafsh haye sargar dan,Dokhtarane O.P.D)
    Zahra Haddadian 2025
  8. A study of the epistemology foundations of the aknkar religion based on the mystical texts of the Iraqi style
    SAMIRA GOLAMI 2025
  9. Analyzing the Effects and Dimensions of Magical Realism in the Persian Tales "Gol Be Senowbar Che Kard"
    Neda Latifi 2025
          Research Objective: The main objective of this research is to examine the manifestations and dimensions of magical realism in Iranian stories, with a special focus on the story collection "What Did the Flower Do to the Poplar Tree?" by Abolghasem Anjoy Shirazi.   This research seeks to identify the salient components of magical realism in this collection and examine its similarities and differences with >Research Methodology: The present study was conducted using a qualitative approach and text content analysis method.   First, the elements and components of magical realism were extracted from the perspective of theorists in this field, and then these components were identified, categorized, and analyzed based on their frequency and type of presence in the collection What Did the Flower Do to the Poplar? Findings: The research findings showed that the components of magical realism, such as the combination of fantasy and reality, the presence of magical elements in a real context, supernatural characters, amazing transformations, and multilayered time and space, are widely and significantly reflected in the stories of this collection. Also, the use of rhetorical techniques such as simile, metaphor, exaggeration, and the recognition of irony and allusion has strengthened the aesthetic effects of these components. Conclusion: The results show that the collection What Did the Flowers Do to the Poplar, while having indigenous and folk roots, unconsciously incorporates many characteristics of magical realism‌And it can be considered as a genuine example of the emergence of this style in Persian popular literature. A comparative study of these works with >Keywords: Magical realism, Iranian tales, Anjou Shirazi,‌What did the flower do to the poplar, folk literature, aesthetics, rhetorical techniques.   
  10. Conceptual metaphor of love, freedom and death in the contemporary poetry of Houshang Ebtahaj
    Farhnaz Hemati 2025
       Introduction: Based on Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory, metaphor is not merely a literary device but a fundamental mechanism in human cognition and conceptualization. Analyzing Hooshang Ebtehaj’s poetry from this perspective enables a systematic representation of the poet’s mindset and core human concepts such as love, freedom, and death. Objective: The present study aims to systematically analyze the metaphorical representation of love, freedom, and death in Ebtehaj’s poetry and to examine the evolution of the poet’s worldview. Method: This research is qualitative and descriptive-analytical, conducted through a library-based approach. The statistical population included 122 poems (modern poetry, ghazals, masnavis, qitas, do-baytis, and rubaiyat), selected through purposive sampling. The analysis was carried out based on conceptual metaphor theory and Stockwell’s methodology. Findings: The results showed that: Love-in the first period, love is mainly individual and earthly, represented through metaphors of nature, the senses, and the body; in the second period, love takes on social and mystical dimensions, forming an inseparable bond with freedom and transforming into a life-giving and elevating force. Freedom-structural and spatial metaphors (bird, light, journey, flight, spreading wings) indicate an active, liberating, and collective force. Freedom manifests in both mystical and social dimensions and stands in opposition to oppression and restriction. Death-is represented on three levels: individual-emotional, social, and mystical. Individual death is mostly silent and cold; social death reflects oppression and suppression; while mystical and martyr-like death conveys an upward and elevating movement. Conclusion: The analysis of conceptual metaphors demonstrates that Ebtehaj’s worldview begins with individual love, ascends through social and mystical freedom, and acquires philosophical meaning in death. The evolution of his poetry-from personal concern to collective awareness and spiritual experience-reflects the interconnection of love, freedom, and death. These three concepts simultaneously shape the individual, social, and mystical dimensions of his poetry, and their combination presents an integrated image of the poet’s mindset and experiences.
  11. The Domihate Discourse On Asadi Tosi's Garshasbnama
    Negar Kamyab 2025
       Statement of issues: Ferdowsi's success in composing the Shahnameh led a group of poets to follow him in composing epic texts Garshasb-nameh is also an epic text that describes the life and battles of Garshasb and is one of the most successful works in this field. Although this work is an epic, but it contains diverse discourses within it. It is assumed that in the discourse that governs the Garshasb Nameh, the hero and heroism, although he was a tyrant during the reign of the king (Zahhak), still fulfills his main functions, which are the interests and benefits of Iran and Iranians. It is as if the hero of the story, in any situation, considers himself committed to acting for the benefit of the people and Iran through his actions, the same function that the descendants of Garshasb were responsible for performing. The magnificent Garshasb, with his battles and the guidance he receives from the Brahmin, is the greatest hero of Iran and a helper of the people, even during the reign of a tyrannical king like Zahhak. Purpose: Discourse is how text relates to power and ideology. Any discourse that is emphasized more becomes the dominant discourse in the text. Therefore, the subject and purpose of this research is to identify the types of discourses and examine the discourse that governs Garshasb nameh. Research Method: This research examines the dominant discourse on Asadi Tusi's Garshasb Nameh using a descriptive-analytical method. Research findings and results: The findings show that the heroic discourse is the dominant discourse in the Garshasp Nameh, given that the largest volume of the book is dedicated to the wars and struggles of Garshasp And other sub-discourses (obedience, royal, mythological, political, creation, supernatural, folk, moral-educational, religious, and cultural) are manifested in this book in a manner that is consistent with, and sometimes combined with, the dominant discourse or alongside each other. Keywords: Discourse analysis, Asadi Tusi, Garsha  ameh, A hero.
  12. Digression and its goals in the stories of Golestan and Bustan of Saadi
    Bahareh Zarehei chgakhzani 2025
  13. Analyzing and examining seven military bodies with a hermeneutic approach
    Mohammadjavad Azari 2025
      Objective: The Haft Peykar Mathnavi, one of Nezami Ganjavi’s most prominent works, is one of the richest examples of the use of cryptic and multi-layered language in Persian literature. Among Nezami’s poetic systems, this work has provided a platform for an interpretive and hermeneutical perspective more than his other works. The present study, with a descriptive-analytical approach and based on library studies, examines the position of hermeneutics in this poetic system and attempts to identify the components of Nezami’s cryptic language and explain them as clearly and intelligibly as possible. In this regard, the main research questions are: “What are interpretation and hermeneutics?”, “To what extent has Nezami Ganjavi used a hermeneutical perspective in Haft Peykar?”, and “How does understanding this perspective help the analysis of the work?”
  14. Structural And Content Examining The Works Of The Intellectual Development Center For Children And Teenagers For The Novice Group(Age Group B And C) In The Seventies And Nineties
    Golnaz Kalhornia 2025
  15. Analysis of sustainability components in the book Payam Mahiha written by Gol Ali Babaei
    Mahshid Souri 2025
       e late 18th and early 19th centuries, which coincided with the Industrial Revolution, a major transformation occurred in foreign relations, leading to significant and fateful changes in Iran. The advancement of industry and technology led to the emergence of powerful countries on the global stage, including Russia. Simultaneously with these changes, two periods of wars (between Iran and Russia) were imposed on Iran by the Russians during the reign of Fath-Ali Shah, resulting in the separation of vast regions from Iran. The aim of this research is to assess the political and economic relations between Iran and Russia from the beginning of the Qajar dynasty to the Constitutional Revolution and also to analysis the role of Qajar courtiers and kings in the economic and political relations between these two countries. The present research has been prepared based on a descriptive-analytical method.    Keywords: Political relations, Economic relations, Qajar dynasty, Constitutional Revolution, Iran, Russia.
  16. The role of countercultural components in the novel The Patient Stone
    Farshid Tayari 2025
    هدف: هدف اصلي اين پژوهش، بررسي تأثيرات تعاملات فرهنگي در رمان سنگ صبور اثر صادق چوبك است. پژوهش قصد دارد نشان دهد كه چگونه شخصيت‌هاي رمان تحت تأثير دنياي رئاليست و ناتوراليست قرار گرفته و در مواجهه با فرهنگ‌هاي نوين، فرهنگ دروني خود را حفظ يا تغيير مي‌دهند. روش‌شناسي: روش پژوهش مبتني بر نشانه‌شناسي فرهنگي (Cultural Semiotics) است. اين روش بر پايه نظريات مكتب تارتو شكل گرفته كه فرهنگ را به عنوان يك نظام علامتي در نظر مي‌گيرد. در اين پژوهش از تحليل محتواي كيفي براي بررسي نشانه‌هاي فرهنگي، پادفرهنگي و ضدفرهنگي در متن استفاده شده است.   يافته‌ها: شخصيت‌هاي رمان در مواجهه با مولفه‌هاي پادفرهنگي (عناصري كه فرهنگ غالب را به چالش مي‌كشند) و ضدفرهنگي (عناصري كه در تضاد با فرهنگ غالب هستند) قرار دارند. با وجود اين مواجهه‌ها، شخصيت‌ها تا حد زيادي موفق به حفظ فرهنگ دروني خود مي‌شوند.برخي از شخصيت‌ها فرهنگ غالب را به ضدفرهنگ تبديل كرده و آن را به نوعي مقاومت در برابر فرهنگ‌هاي نوين بدل مي‌سازند.عناصر زمان و مكان و بيداري ضمير ناخودآگاه نقش مهمي در تعامل شخصيت‌ها با فرهنگ‌هاي جديد دارند.   نتيجه‌گيري: نتايج پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه فرهنگ نهادينه‌شده در شخصيت‌هاي رمان سنگ صبور به رغم مواجهه با فرهنگ‌هاي نوين، تأثير قوي‌تري دارد و به عنوان يك نيروي مقاومت در برابر پادفرهنگ‌ها عمل مي‌كند. اين رمان تصويري از تقابل سنت و مدرنيته ارائه مي‌دهد و بر پويايي‌هاي فرهنگي در جامعه ايراني تأكيد دارد. اين پژوهش با استفاده از نشانه‌شناسي فرهنگي، نشان مي‌دهد كه چگونه هويت فرهنگي افراد در مواجهه با تغييرات فرهنگي، بازتوليد يا دگرگون مي‌شود. همچنين نقش ضمير ناخودآگاه و عوامل زماني و مكاني در اين فرآيند برجسته است.    كليد واژه‌ها: نشانه‌شناسي فرهنگي، لوتمان، سنگ صبور. صادق چوبك.   
  17. Analysis of social and anti-social characters in the novel Cloudy Years by AliAshraf Darvishian
    Kimiya Rostami 2025
       Introduction:Literary works,intentionally or unintentionally, reflect the thoughts, personalities, way of life and circumstances of any nation and show the social realities in an artistic way. Ali Ashraf Darvishian's novel The Cloudy Years is one of the most valuable novels in the field of Iranian fiction, which brings the reader in contact with different characters, each of which in a way expresses the moods, actions and reactions of people in today's society, which they show against everyday events and incidents. The purpose of the research:The purpose of the present research is to analyze the social and anti-social characters in the novel Cloudy Years by Ali Ashraf Darvishian, which has not been addressed so far.In this research, the author has two goals based on the novel Cloudy Years - to know the social, normal and militant characters2-to know the antisocial,abnormal,suffering, careless and rebellious characters in the novel Cloudy Years by Ali Ashraf Darvishian. Research method:The way to collect information to carry out this research is based on a descriptive-analytical library method,and the data will be analyzed using the method of content analysis of the Cloudy Years novel.The means of collecting information in this method will be the study of books, magazines, articles and researches related to the subject and the background of the research by using surveys and summarizing. Findings:The main character of this novel is mainly Barsherif Davrisheh. In this novel, Sharif is a complete,idealistic and social human personality; Sharif has a dynamic personality and we know him from his speech,actions and other people's description. Nenezari(Zahra)is an example of a dedicated hardworking woman who dedicated herself to her life and children.Uba's character is shown as a selfless, devoted, kind and caring woman. After Sharif,Bibi is the most important character in the story.Bibi has a religious personality and Sharif Rahm encourages to follow the rules of religion and religious beliefs; The religion he accepted is mixed with superstitions.Father Sharif, Buchan Daurish,a character whose lack of wise decision and constant jumping from one branch to another,forced acceptance of fate,oppression and silence towards those who are wronged by him,can be clearly seen in his actions.He is a static and passive personality, reckless and violent, who instead of staying and fighting with difficulties, leaves his family and hides in a corner and sees the Darvish life as the only solution.Salim(Little Uncle Sharif)is a typical example of patriots and opponents of predatory foreigners who are the lifeblood of our country and one of the main causes of poverty in Iran.In the first half of his life, he is introduced as a dynamic personality, and in the second half,although he chooses a new path, there is not much information about him and his side of the religious forces and sometimes his activities,and this causes him to emerge as a personality in the second half. Conclusion:Ali Ashraf Darvishian's novel The Cloudy Years is one of the best novels in the field of Iranian fiction,which introduces the reader to different characters,each of which in a way expresses the moods and reactions of people in today's society,which they show against everyday events and incidents. . Keywords:Ali Ashraf Darvishian,social characters,anti-social characters,Cloudy Years novel.
  18. Examining the Components of Sustainability Literature in the Novels "Shahid Navid" Written by Marzieh Eteimadi and the Novel "Kash Bargardi" Written by Mohammad Rasul Mollahasani
    Hosna Jamali 2025
  19. The beginnings of the potic story in children's litera ture and its development.
    Fatemeh Pirmohammad bagheney 2025
  20. Analysis of Two Novels "Tarigh besmel shodan" and "Vaziri-e amir hasanak" based on Greimas Theory.
    Mahtab Najafi 2025
  21. Analyzing the personality authority of Shahnameh women based on Maureen Murdoch's female hero theory
    Sahra Esmaeiliani 2025
       Women in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh are not merely complementary figures but hold a foundational position in its mythological narratives. They embody wisdom, love, and courage, and often resolve the most challenging predicaments at critical historical moments. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the authoritative personalities of the women in Shahnameh based on Maureen Murdock's Heroine's Journey theory. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method. In her theory of authority, Murdock discusses the feminine quest within the confines of patriarchy, asserting that women, in their search for self-identity, sometimes fall into the trap of imitating male models of power—an approach that prioritizes ambition and external authority over inner exploration. The findings reveal that the women of Shahnameh, despite the social constraints of their time, occupy a unique and influential position. In diverse roles—ranging from wise and compassionate mothers to brave warriors and shrewd politicians—they play a pivotal part in advancing the narratives and shaping cultural and social transformations. Murdock’s theory highlights the indirect influence of women through soft power, such as wisdom, love, and strategy, which is vividly reflected in characters like Rudabeh, Tahmineh, Franak, and Gordafarid. These characters are not merely companions to male heroes but are central agents of power, playing a decisive role in determining individual and collective destinies. Shahnameh, with its profound and multifaceted portrayal of women, demonstrates that power transcends gender and is rooted in individual abilities and intelligent interactions with others.    Keywords: Shahnameh, Maureen Murdock, authority, power, women in Shahnameh.   
  22. Comprehensive Critical Narrative Critique of Dark Cave, Cave Tower, Cave Fear, Underpass Based on Lucien Goldman's Theory
    Yegane Rahmati 2025
     The subject of this research is the sociological analysis of the stories Gharatar, The Tower of the Cave, The Fear of the Cave, and The Underpass based on Lucien Goldmann's theory. This four-volume collection was written by child laborers and compiled and published by Ali Sadeghi Khayat. The study examines the extent to which social, economic, and political conditions influenced the creation of these stories.Since a significant portion of collective consciousness is shaped by social conditions, it is evident that all ideologies, including art and what is called literature, reflect the tendencies and emotional states of a society. For example, in a class-based society, the tendencies and emotional states of a particular class are clearly observable in its literary works. Furthermore, it is clear that a literary critic, when analyzing a work, must first identify what aspect of social consciousness (class consciousness) is expressed in that work. The critic's primary task is to translate the ideas embedded in a particular work from the language of art into sociology, determining what can be considered the sociological equivalent of that literary phenomenon.Goldmann's theory introduces numerous key concepts, such as class consciousness, the working class, totality, worldview, transindividual subject (collective subject), social structure, social class, class conflict, reification, the problematic human, the petty bourgeoisie, the proletariat, structural social mobility, mass, characteristics of the mass, and modernity. These concepts are used in the analysis of these works to explore narrative and literary structures and the connection between literature and sociology.Based on the conducted analysis, we concluded that each of these narratives can serve as a form of protest against social environments, cultural beliefs, and economic conditions. Addressing each of these issues could contribute to assisting and rescuing these children.
  23. Investigating the types and characteristics of cognitive style in contemporary prose texts: a case study of the short stories " Zan -e- Zidi " and "Khime Shab Bazi"
    Hasan Jamshidi 2025
       Proposing the problem/statement of the problem: In examining a literary work and evaluating it, the issue that is very important is the issue of "stylistics". Therefore, considering that every writer can have his own writing style, it is important to examine his writing style individually.For example, Jalal Al-Ahmed, along with Sadegh Choubkeke, is a writer with style and among the most influential and famous Iranian writers, they are among the pioneers of Iran's story writing; Regarding the stylistics of their works, there are opinions that question the importance and position of Sadegh Chubak in front of Jalal Al-Ahmed.For this reason, it is very important to examine the cognitive style of the works of these two great and pioneering writers in storytelling, and it is very useful to know their style. we are going to investigate the types and characteristics of cognitive style in contemporary prose texts: a case study of the short stories "Many Women" and "Night Tent".Research methodology: In this regard, in order to collect information, the library method and slip writing have been used. The most important written sources of this research are the books on stylistics (Syros Shamisa's stylistics, Bahar's stylistics, Fatuhi's stylistics, etc.) have formed the research.The information obtained from these sources is analyzed according to the science of stylistics in a descriptive-analytical manner and relying on the approach of content analysis with the aim of prose stylistics of the collection of stories "Many Women" by Al Ahmad and "Khime Shab Bazi" by Chubak. are placed Findings :   Conclusion: The stories "Many Women" and "Khimeh Keywords: stylistics, fictional prose, many women, Jalal Al Ahmad, marquee, Sadeq Chubak
  24. Analysis and investingation of the social semiotics in the novel "this street has no speed hump"Limiter Based on the theory of pierre Guiraud.
    Sara Ahmadi 2025
       Purpose: "The book This Street Has No Speed Limiter is written by Maryam Jahani, a young contemporary writer from Kermanshahi. This book was published in 1395 in the center publications. In 2016, in addition to the fact that this book won the Jalal Al Ahmad Literary Award (10th edition) in the "long story and novel" section (jointly), it was also the selected work of the literature section (prose) in the 35th edition of the book of the year. was known Our goal in this research is to determine how Jahani created characters and how he used these characters to express his social point of view. And to what extent the author was able to reveal the depth and social status of the people of Kermanshah, especially women, in the two areas of identity and social etiquette? And according to the author and the characters in his novel, what are the barriers to progress or dos and don'ts for women in society that should be removed? Research Methodology: The present research investigates Piergirou's social semiotics in the novel "This Street Has No Speed Limit" by referring to library and electronic sources and using a descriptive-analytical method. In this way, by taking out the social signs in the novel and analyzing and analyzing those cases, we try to reveal the hidden layers of the text, and in this way, we can have a superficial and comprehensive knowledge of the people of Kermanshah and the knowledge about the position and dignity of the women of this city. Let's get to the men. Findings: Semiotics is an interdisciplinary approach that examines the signs and understanding the meanings hidden in the text. The approach of social semiotics is one of the important subsets of semiotics, which includes two important areas: "A: Codes of identity" and "B: Social etiquette". The author of this novel wants to describe the world of women who have a critical approach towards men, women who are between the patriarchal world and feminine desires, and sometimes they cannot create a balance between the two and suffer from psychosis. The findings of the research show that the author tries to depict the realities that women face in a patriarchal society by using social signs.   Conclusion: Social signs reveal the hidden layers of the society to us, and knowing the weaknesses and strengths of the society, we criticize the society of the author's time with an open and conscious view. A society where patriarchy prevails and misogyny is one of the prominent behaviors of these people. It is clear that even though the society and the country are moving towards modernity, many old habits and traditions are still standing and it needs time and culture to eradicate these wrong traditions. In this novel, we can consider Shahreh as a symbol of modernity and the rest of the characters as symbols of traditionalism. Since the number of those who are interested in traditionalism is more and the victory is with them, but modernity, although small, injects its positive effects into the society.   Keywords: fiction, social novel, criticism of social semiotics, Piergirou, Maryam Jahani this street has no speed limit.
  25. Investigation of popular culture in the poems of Ali Limoui (Sabet), the poet of Kermanshahi
    Bahareh Marzbani 2025
      One of the most important tools that different ethnic groups have used to preserve and present their cultural indicators is the dialect and folk culture of that ethnic group. All cultures and societies in the world have their own folk culture. The dimensions of folk culture can be explored in such things as customs and traditions, local games, famous people of that region, beliefs and convictions of the people there, etc. In the works of many poets and writers, folk culture has been reflected. In this study, folk culture has been examined in the poems of Ali Limoui (Thabet), a poet from Kermanshah. This study was theoretical in its objective and descriptive and analytical in nature. The method of collecting information was library and the tool used was card-taking. Its overall goal is to reflect the cultural elements of Kermanshah in the poetry of this poet. Examining these elements in his poems provides the audience with the ease and understanding of the meanings of his poems, and also familiarizes the audience with the folk culture of that era and the spiritual and social state of the people at that time.
  26. Analysis and investigation of character and narratology in "Zara Love Shepherd's Story" by Mohammad Ghazi
    Farasat Bagheri 2025
       Personality and characterization is one of the important tools in story writing that the creator of stories and novels creates his work by using it. And narratology deals with the theoretical study of narrative and explains the meaning of how the event is expressed and deals with the techniques and discovery of the narrative structure in order to achieve a semantic system beyond the text and make the narrative speech or text understandable In general, narrative means anything that tells a story, a narrative has a structure, and the literary term used ti describe the narrative is plot. Plot has a beginning, middle, and end. If any element of the plot is removed' the foundation of the story falls apart, the examination of novels and stories from the perspective of characteriarization and narratology can lead to a greater understanding of the various dimensions of the text and reveal its hidden layers to the reader. This research is based on the theoretical concepts of character and characterization and narratology and analysis and examination and reflection of these two important elements (character and narrative) in the story of Zara Love Chupan by Granghadr Mohammad Ghazi, a talented and masterful writer and translator of the last decade. Pays, and then examines its components. In this story, the main character on whom the story revolves is a shepherd named Qadir, who is in love with a beauty named Zara. In order to reach his love, he went through many problems and dangers and died to reach Janan. Mohammad Ghazi from Baraz Seg Chupan also portrays a memorable character and enriches the atmosphere of his story and gives him a selfless role and becomes the main character of the story with the role of a loyal sidekick. Keywords: Characterization, narratology, narrative speech, Qadir, Zara, Mohammad Ghazi,
  27. Investigating the role of wisdom and race in the development of prominent characters in Shahnameh based on the character of Bahram Chubin
    Seyed sina Ahmadi 2025
      ackground and Objective: Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, as one of the most valuable epic texts and classical Persian literature, has a special place in the analysis of the moral, social, and ethical role of a prominent personality. Examining the development of the personality of this work from the perspective of reason and race, especially in the case of a character like Bahram Choubin, can provide new insights into the interaction of individual and collective characteristics in the formation of the heroes' personalities. This research, with the aim of analyzing the place of reason as a rational element and race as ethical components in the formation and functioning of Bahram Choubin's personality, attempts to represent the social and social dimensions hidden in Shahnameh with an analytical approach. Research Method: In terms of methodology, the method of conducting this research is descriptive-analytical. It is based on library studies. Research Findings: The research findings indicate that Bahram Chobin, as the only Iranian general of the Sassanid era, was able to rebel against the king of the time and temporarily seize power from the Sassanid dynasty. An analysis of his personality traits shows that his wisdom was manifested in his clever tactics, the use of discipline, especially on the battlefield, and his thoughtful handling of social affairs. These traits made Bahram Chobin a prominent and distinctive figure in the history of that era. Research Results: The results of the present research emphasize the importance of the role of wisdom and race in the formation of a prominent personality in the Shahnameh. Focusing on the story of Bahram Chobin, this research has shown that his wisdom and politics, along with the influence of his race as a member of a noble family, have led to the development of his epic and mythical image in the Shahnameh. A research finding is that the interaction of intellect and race plays a fundamental role in the prominence and permanence of an epic character in classical Persian literature.
  28. Comparative study of postmodern components in two novels "Sa'at Baghdad " and "Nakhlha va Adamha
    Nemat Fatahi 2025
  29. Translation of the book "Women and the Muslim Family from a Western Perspective" by Dr. Emaduddin Khalil Omar
    Alireza Tarafrava 2024
  30. A Stylistic Analysis of Hakim Asjadi Marvzi's Poems
    Jafar Esmaeili 2024
    هدف: اين پايان‌نامه به هدف تبيين ويژگي‌هاي زباني اشعار عسجدي مروزي؛ شناسايي مختصّات ادبي اشعار او و تحليل مبناهاي فكري متجلّي در اشعار عسجدي مروزي نوشته شده است. روش‌شناسي پژوهش: ابتدا به طور كلي معني و مفهوم سبك و نيز سبك خراساني بررسي شده است. سپس كلام شاعر از سه منظر ادبي، فكري و زباني تجزيه و تحليل شده تا مشخص شود كه انديشه‌هاي شاعر چه بوده و به چه طريقي به اداي سخن پرداخته است. يافته‌ها: يافته‌هاي اين پژوهش نشان داد كه از ميان انواع صور خيال، تشبيه و استعاره تقريباً كاربردي يكسان در اشعار عسجدي دارند و به ميزاني اندك، كاربرد استعاره بيشتر است. شاعر به كنايه‌هايي ساده، دور از پيچيدگي و خالي از اغلاق نيز توجّه داشته و به ميزاني نزديك به تشبيه و استعاره از آن استفاده كرده‌ است. تنها مجاز است كه در خيال‌انگيز كردن سخن عسجدي نقش چنداني ندارد. كاربرد آرايه‌هاي ادبي، به‌ويژه آرايه‌هاي لفظي در شعر عسجدي پر بسامد است. در ويژگي‌هاي زباني و از نظر آوايي، كاربرد كلمات به شكل مخفف و كوتاه شده در ديوان عسجدي بسامد بسيار بالايي دارد. از نظر ويژگي‌هاي لغوي نيز بسامد واژه‌هاي عربي نسبت به دور? قبل، افزايشي است و واژه‌هاي كهن و برگرفته از پهلوي هم در سخن او فراوان به كار رفته است. از نظر دستوري مواردي همانند استفاده از حرف اضاف? مضاعف براي متمم، مقدم‌كردن صفت بر موصوف، جابه‌جا كردن ضمير، حذف «مي» و «ب» از فعل و ... به دفعات در ديوان عسجدي اتفاق افتاده‌ است. از منظر فكري، غالب انديش? عسجدي حول محور ويژگي‌هاي ممدوح و معشوق مي‌گذرد. اعتقاد به قضا و قدر، بيان بي‌اعتباري دنيا و گله و شكايت ار روزگار نيز موارد ديگري هستند كه شاكل? انديشه‌هاي عسجدي را   شكل مي‌دهند. نتيجه‌گيري: آنچه عسجدي را از ديگر گويندگان عصر خود متمايز كرده، روي آوردن شاعر به كاربرد صنايع بديعي به شكل گسترده و قابل توجّه است؛ همان‌كه او را براي شاعران پس از خود به عنوان يك الگو و پيشگام قرار مي‌دهد. از بسياري ديگر از جنبه‌ها، سبك شاعر با سبك دوره، ويژگي‌هاي مشترك فراواني دارد. كليدواژه‌ها: سبك‌شناسي، شعر فارسي، سبك خراساني، عسجدي مروزي  
  31. The Effect of Shâhnâme on Dârabnâme -ye- Tarsusi.
    Nilofar Derakhshani por 2024
       Abstract   Introduction: This research thesis is about the influence of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh on Tarsusi's Darabnameh. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh has long been considered as the world's greatest and most famous epic works, and considering that the field of influence of the Shahnameh is so wide that it has gone beyond the borders of Iran and even European literature has been influenced by it. We decided to analyze and examine the role model of one of the great Iranian writers, Abu Taher Tarsousi, in the book Darab Nameh of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. So far, considerable studies have been conducted and published about the influence of the Shahnameh on the works after it, but no research has been found that analyzes the topics of the Shahnameh in comparison with other works, with explanations and interpretations. This field has been limited to the subjects of the Shahnameh, in fact, along with the influence of the desired texts on the Shahnameh in different aspects, several cases of the Shahnameh have been analyzed and investigated. This research is divided into five chapters, the first chapter briefly mentions the issues that are raised and analyzed in this research, the second chapter mentions the research method, the third chapter mentions the background of the research in which some articles that are effective Ferdowsi's Shahnameh on various works are analyzed and analyzed, in the fourth chapter, all the findings are analyzed along with examples from Darab Nameh of Tarsusi, and finally, the fifth chapter mentions the results of this research. The purpose of the research: The purpose of this research is to mention, investigate and analyze the extent and the most important aspects of the influence and influence of the Shahnameh on the Darab Nameh of Tarsus and also to mention some reasons for the influence of the Darab Nameh of Tarsus on the Shahnameh. Research Methodology: This thesis has been done in a documentary-analytical way with library studies and review of important editions as well as scanning and review of various articles and researches in this field. Research questions: 1) Which subjects of Shahnameh are used in Darabname of Tarsusi? 2) What is the effectiveness of Tarsusi's Darab Nama on Shahnameh topics? 3) Why is Tarsosi influenced by Ferdowsi's Shahnameh in Darab Nameh - as a popular and heroic work? Research findings: By reviving and representing the narrative history of ancient Iran and recognizing national myths, in addition to influencing the official literature through beliefs, thoughts, and characters, Ferdowsi was able to deeply influence the culture of folk literature and heroic stories. The influence of Tarsusi on Ferdowsi's Shahnameh in various aspects, including: belief in fur, belief in prophesy and somnambulism, belief in chivalry, belief in revenge, belief in fate, burial, celebration and wine, will, report, advice and advice, patriotism , love, obedience, hunting, marriage, sacrifice, consultation, murder, letter writing, torture, blackmail and blackmail, tricks, war, testing different weapons and techniques, scolding a girl, breaking a habit, crossing water, confinement, hadith nafs, Naming and description have been investigated and analyzed. The results of the research: Finally, in examining the story of Darab Nameh and comparing it with Shahnameh, we come to the conclusion that having a number of characteristics, beliefs and functions with
  32. moghaiseh asar dastani sadegh cpehdayat ve migoyl sarano ba takieh bar doasar esh jadoyi vebof kor
    Nasim Soltanisangsefidi 2024
      The purpose of the research: The main purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the archetypes in two well-known literary works "Blind Owl" by Sadegh Hedayat and "Magic Love" by an unknown work (which may refer to various mystical works).
  33. Analysis of the Mantegh- ol tair based on the types of thinking in the P4C
    Soraya Moradi 2024
       This research investigates the Logic of the Birds by Attar of Nishapur based on the types of thinking in the Philosophy for Children (P4C) program. Attar's Logic of the Birds, with its foundation in Islamic Sufism and the concept of the Unity of Existence, as well as its allegorical aspects, holds a high position in Persian language and literature. Farid al-Din Attar of Nishapur was a Persian poet and Sufi of the late 6th and early 7th centuries. Matthew Lipman is the founder of P4C (Philosophy for Children). This research first addresses the impact of education and awareness on children's growth and balance, specifically critical thinking, creative thinking, caring thinking, and collaborative thinking. Then, it examines the characteristics of Sufi educational literature and its intellectual and educational features. Philosophy for Children is an educational program designed to cultivate thinking and reasoning skills. It aims to nurture thoughtful, aware, purposeful, inquisitive, and creative individuals. The approach of this program is based on group research (inquiry circle). The Logic of the Birds, this Sufi epic, addresses the Unity of Existence, a significant philosophical concept. It employs dialogue, a crucial tool for understanding, thinking, feeling, and learning, to convey its message. The narrative style and the poet's mode of expression, along with the stories and tales, are highly significant. This work ranks high in the skill of creative thinking in terms of trendsetting and thought-provoking and fostering a sense of responsibility. Additionally, Attar, in the form of the hoopoe, presents the reality of matters, the difficulties of the path, and the effort to raise awareness and attain insight to each of the birds through beautiful tales. It can be said that by addressing issues such as the expansion of virtues (patience, trust, gratitude, loyalty, and self-improvement), it holds a high rank in the skill of caring thinking.
  34. The esthetics of The fluid flow of the mind in War and Migration Novel's(Case Study: Mehman-e Mahtab by Farhad Hasanzadeh and Mardi ba Kolah-e Meshki by Farhad Hassanzadeh)
    NIYAZ MAHMOOD ABDULQADIR 2024
    جريان سيال ذهن [G1]  يك اصطلاح روان‌شناختي در روان‌شناسي است، اما مانند بسياري از اصطلاحات ديگر دانش‌هاي علوم انساني بر اثر تحولات جامعه و براي آفريدن الگوهاي نو به ادبيات ورود كرد.جريان سيال ذهن، تكنيكي ادبي در روايت داستان است كه خواننده را به صورت مستقيم با درونيات،احساسات، انديشه­هاي شخصيت­هاي داستان آشنا مي­كند.اين تكنيك معمولا به صورت مونولوگ، تداعي آزاد و حديث نفس، نظم زماني را برهم مي­زند و زمان را از حالت خطي خارج مي­كند تا افكار و خاطرات شخصيت­هاي روايت را بازنمايي كند. درادبيات زبان فارسي و كردي نيز نويسندگان از جريان سيال ذهن بهره برده و آثار ادبي قابل توجهي در اين سبك نوشته­اند كه رمان از گونه­هاي آن است. اين پژوهش كاركرد جريان سيال ذهن را از منظر زيبايي‌شناختي و توليد معنا در رمان «مهمان مهتاب» از فرهاد حسن‌زاده به زبان فارسي و «مردي با كلاه مشكي، پالتوي مشكي و كفش آبي» از فرهاد پيربال به زبان كردي بررسي و اين دو گستر? زباني را از منظر زيبايي‌شناختي جريان سيال ذهن در دو رمان مورد مطالعه بررسي كرده و شباهت و تفاوت هر يك را نشان داده‌است؛ بنابراين، پژوهش پيش روي زيبايي‌شناسي جريان سيال ذهن را از منظر تكنيك­هاي جريان سيال ذهن مانند خودگويي، تك‌گويي، تداعي آزاد و جنبه‌هاي زيبايي‌شناختي مانند توانايي استفاده از زبان ارجاعي و زبان شاعرانه، استفاده از واحدهاي زباني   در دو رمان مورد مطالعه بررسي كرده و به اين نتيجه رسيده­ايم كه فرهاد پيربال و فرهاد حسن زاده از اين تكنيك براي بيان مشكلات ناشي از جنگ و آوارگي، مهاجرت و پناهندگي و تأثير آن بر شخصيت­هاي داستان بهره گرفتهاند. پيربال از لحاظ تخيل و شعرگونگي در زبان، بهتر از فرهاد حسن زاده عمل كرده­است زيرا خوانند? آثار فرهاد حسن زاده­، بيشتر نوجوانان هستند و او رويكرد ساده­نويسي خود را در رمان­هايش رعايت مي­كند.پيربال از تداعي آزاد و حديث نفس بيشتر استفاده كرده و هدفش بازنمايي خاطرات ناخوشايند آغاز پناهندگي شخصيت داستان است. حسن زاده بيشتر تكنيك مونولوگ و تداعي آزاد را به­كار برده­است، همچنين حديث نفس را بيشتر به صورت پرسشي آورده­ كه تأكيدي است بر انديشه­هاي شخصيت داستان.    واژه­هاي كليدي: زيبايي‌شناسي، جريان سيال ذهن، مهمان مهتاب، فرهاد حسن‌زاده، مردي با كلاه مشكي، فرهاد پيربال   [G1]جريان سيال ذهن و موضوعات آن را در دو يا سه سطر در محل چكيده تعريف كنيد.   
  35. Examing Images of fantasy in the books (Case Study Burn the candles, night sun, in the ruins of Moghan)
    Hossein Kakavandi 2024
      Abstract Imagination is one of the most effective factors in the technical richness of literary works and has a significant contribution in increasing their impact on readers. Writers have realized this influence since a long time ago and have always tried to fill their works with fantasy images by using different literary techniques. The four rhetorical techniques related to the science of expression, i.e. metaphor, simile, metaphor, and irony, play a significant role in creating images of imagination, and it is clear that the stronger the literary taste of the poet and the wider his vocabulary, the more successful he will be in creating images of imagination. . Rahim Moini Kermanshahi (1301-1394) is one of the contemporary Persian poets who was interested in the forms of imagination. He created many artistic and literary images in his various works and embellished his poems with imaginary images. In the present research, which was written with descriptive and analytical methods and using library sources, the effects of imaginary images in some of the poet's works, namely, the book "Shama-ha Besozid", Khursheed Shab, in the ruins of Moghan, have been extracted and analyzed. According to the research and a brief study, it seems that the contribution of simile and metaphor in the creation of imaginary images in the poems of Rahim Moini Kermanshahi is many times more than irony and the gentle spirit and healthy taste of this poet is one of the influential factors in his tendency to imaginary images in It is poetry. Key words: Persian contemporary poetry, Sur Khyal, Rahim Moini Kermanshahi, O candles burn, Khurshid Shab, in the ruins of Moghan.
  36. The study of martyr and martyrdom in poetry of holy defense based on conceptual metaphor in poems of Ilam s poets
    Alihasan Tahere 2024
       شعر ايلام، همواره شعري پويا و سرشار از نوآوري­هاي ايماژي و تكنيكال است و داراي تنوع در قالب، موضوع و زبان بوده­است. شعر دفاع مقدّس شاعران ايلام، در سال­هايي شكل گرفت و تكامل يافت كه شعله­هاي جنگي ناخواسته اين سرزمين را فراگرفت. نظري? «استعار? مفهومي»، برداشتي­نو و متفاوت از استعاره است كه نخستين­بـار «ليكـاف و جانسـون» آن را مطـرح كردند.دراين رويكرد، استعاره تنها، از جنب? ظاهري بررسي نمي­شود، بلكه به­مفاهيمي توجّه مي­شود كـه در پـسِ واژه­ها پنهان است. دراين­ديدگاه، مفاهيم انتزاعي با استفاده از مفاهيم عيني­تر، ملموس­تـر و گـاهي­ذهنـي درك مي­شوند. هر مفهوم استعاري با تمركز بر يك جنبه از مفهوم، مي­تواند ذهن را از تمركـز بـر جنبـه­هـاي ديگـر آن مفهوم بازدارد. شناخت شعر دفاع مقدّس شاعران ايلامي در استفاده از سبك‌هاي بلاغي و فكري و تبيين مضامين شعري مانند شهيد و شهادت يك ضرورت است. هدف اين پژوهش، بررسي و تبيين مفاهيم شهيد و شهادت در شعر دفاع مقدس شاعران ايلامي در دو برهة شعر جنگ و پس از جنگ برپاي? استعار? مفهومي است، چنانكه پژواك تحوّلات ناشي ­از جنگ بر موضوعات، مضامين و قالـب‌هـاي شـعر ايـن ­دوره، شناخت عناصر سازندة زبان بلاغي مفاهيم شهيد و شهادت در شعر دفاع مقدّس شاعران ايلامي بر مبناي استعار? مفهومي با روش توصيفي- تحليلي بررسي و تبيين شده‌است. استعاره­هاي مفهومي جهتي (فضايي)، هستي­شناختي و انواع آن، طرحواره­هاي تصويري و انواع آن و فضاسازي­ها در شعر شاعران ايلامي بسيار محسوس و ملموس ­است و داده­هاي اين پژوهش ­را مي‌سازند.
  37. A comparative study of the symbol in the poetry collections of Soleimanieh and Sepideh Dem Jahan from Shirko Biks and Kuche Baghi Hai from Parto Kermanshahi.
    HAZHAR SHAMSADIN YASSIN 2024
  38. Exploring the Roots of the Romantic Elements of the System Hosn and Dell Sibak Neishaboori
    Fatemeh Mehri 2024
       عشق، به عنوان قوي ترين احساس در منظومه هاي عاشقانه جايگاه و نقشي اساسي دارد كه منظوم? حسن و دل از اين دسته است. محّمدبن يحيي(سيبك نيشابوري) حسن و دل را در قالب مثنوي و به صورت رمزي سروده و با شخصيّت دادن به عناصر عاشقانه و نشان دادن مراحل عشق از ابتدا تا انتها ميان عاشق و معشوق، اشاره به ترك جسم و رها شدن از دنيا، رسيدن به جاودانگي و تعالي روح، يك شاهكار ادبي را به وجود آورده است.    حسن و دل، قهرمانان اصلي و ساير‌شخصيّت ها و عناصر، قهرمانان فرعي داستان اند.دل در طلب آب حيات و جاودانگي، در مسير پر پيچ و خم عشق قدم مي نهد ،عاشق حسن مي شود و با پشت سر گذاشتن سختي ها، دشواري ها و تحمل رنج ،عتاب و فراق سرانجام، به وصال مي رسد. جلوه‌ها و زيبايي‌هاي ظاهري و باطني معشوق، شخصّيت‌هايي مانند‌حسن، دل، نظر، عشق و... و ساير عناصر فرعي، همگي عناصر عاشقانه اي هستند‌كه در اين منظومه‌گنجانده شده‌اند. نيشابوري اين جلوه‌هاي ظاهري و باطني معشوق را گاه، به هردو شكل و گاه، به يك صورت نشان داده است‌كه در برخي، اين جلوه‌ها بيشتر در معشوق زميني و در برخي ديگر در معشوق آسماني و گاهي در هردو آشكار مي شود. حسن و دل فقط به جنبه‌هاي عرفاني و موضوعات مربوط به عشق اشاره نكرده است؛ بلكه، مسائلي مانند تخيّل‌، حماسه و اسطوره در‌آن به خوبي ديده مي شود      كليدواژه‌ها:
  39. Examining the element of time in the book "I am alive"
    Negin Piltan 2023
       رمان روايي من زنده ام نسبت به بكارگيري عنصر زمان در روايت و مفاهيم مرتبط با آن رمان قابل ملاحظه اي است. در اين نوشته مفهوم زمان هم در صورت تقويمي و گاهشماران? آن و هم در هيئت زمان نجات بخشي يا مسيحايي ظاهر مي­شود. نگرش هاي نظري در باب زمان گونه هاي خطي و دايره اي آن را نشان مي دهد كه ميتوان تأثيرات هر دو مورد را در رمان «من زنده ام» مشاهده نمود. همچنين برخي مفاهيم كه رابطه پيچيده و فشرده اي با عنصر زمان دارند مانند حواني و پيري، رستگاري و سعادت، حسرت و اندوه، همگي در عمق روايت داستان حضور داشته و نشان مي­دهند كه پردازش زمان توسط نويسنده صرفاً تكنيكي و علني نبوده و گاه در لايه هاي عميق تر معنايي مشاهده مي­ود. پايان نامه حاضر با رويكرد توصيفي-تحليلي به شناسايي مفهوم زمان و مفاهيم مربوطه به آن در اين كتاب مي پردازد.
  40. A Comparative Study of Surrealism in the Novel of Night Orchestra of Woods and the Novel Metamorphosis
    Yaser Razlansari 2023
  41. «Conceptual metaphor and Analysis of mappings of sustainability components in the works of Ahmad Azizi»
    Zohreh Torabi 2023
    زمينه و هدف: نظرية استعارة مفهومي به­عنوان دانشي نسبتاً جديد به­عنوان ابزاري مورد استفاده قرار مي­گيرد كه در قالب آن، امور و پديده­هاي مجرد، انتزاعي و با قابليت فهم اندك به اموري عيني و قابل لمس­تر تبديل مي­شوند كه علاوه بر درك بهتر و ملموس­تر، به زيبايي متن نيز مي­افزايد. بديهي است كه بررسي اين نظريه در آثار احمد عزيزي در حوزة پايداري، سبك نوشتاري، انديشة غالب وي در آثار او و جهت­گيري­هاي معرفت­شناختي او را آشكار مي­سازد. روش­شناسي پژوهش: اين پژوهش به روش توصيفي-تحليلي و تبيين آماري بر پاية مطالعات كتابخانه­اي و با رويكرد تلفيقي (كمّي و كيفي) انجام شده است. اين مطالعه موردي شامل چهار جلد از اشعار احمد عزيزي يعني «ملكوت تكلم»، «طغيان ترانه»، «شبنم­هاي شبانه» و «رؤياي رؤيت» است. پس از استخراج شاهد مثال­ها، ضمن معرفي نوعي ادبيات پايداري، نوع استعاره­هاي مفهومي مشخص شده؛ و بر اساس حوزة معنايي آن­ها دسته­بندي شدند. در پايان، بسامد هريك از نگاشت­ها، با بيان كانون معنايي آن مشخص شده است. يافته­ها: انديشه و مضمون شعر احمد عزيزي برگرفته از بن­مايه­هاي انقلاب و ادبيات پايداري است. وي همواره از مفاهيمي مانند وطن­پرستي، آرزوي صلح و ... سخن مي‌­گويد. او   براي قابل درك بودن اشعارش، پيوسته از استعاره‌هاي مفهومي بهره مي‌گيرد. در اين چهار مجموعه از آثار احمد عزيزي در مجموع 18 نگاشت با بسامد 132 استعاره مفهومي در حوزة پايداري مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. بارزترين بسامد نگاشت­ها مربوط به جان­بخشي، عشق و شهادت است و كمترين آن­ها به عدم دلبستگي به تعلقات دنيوي مربوط مي­شود. نتيجه­گيري: شعر احمد عزيزي سرشار از نمادها و مفاهيم و مضامين استعاري است كه به شكل هنري و شاعرانه ساخته و پرداخته شده است. استعاره­هاي مفهومي در شعر وي طيف گسترده­اي از حوزه­هاي مقاومت و پايداري را دربرمي­گيرد و مضاميني چون شهيد و شهادت، انتظار ظهور، شناساندن دوست، دشمن و آه و حسرت،درون انسان به­عنوان آينه­اي تمام­نما، عاشق و معشوق و ايستايي، پويايي و عدم دلبستگي به تعلقات دنيوي به­تصوير مي­كشد كه همگي نمادهاي تازه­اي را در حوزه ادبيات پايداري مي­آفرينند. واژگان كليدي: ادبيات پايداري، استعاره مفهومي، نگاشت، احمد عزيزي    پژوهش حاضر به بررسي، استعاره مفهومي و تحليل نگاشت­هاي مؤلفه هاي پايداري در آثار احمد عزيزي، به شيوة توصيفي-تحليلي و اسنادي   مي­پردازد. موضوعات شعر مقاومت و پايداري در ادبيات همة جوامع   همچون وطن‌دوستي و ميهن‌پرستي، آرزوي صلح، ستايش رزمندگان و ...مشترك است، احمد عزيزي علاوه بر مضامين فوق به مضاميني همچون، مقوله شهيد و شهادت، استفاده از روايات، آيات، احاديث و متون عرفاني و مذهبي پرداخته است.بخش   عظيمي از ادبيات منظوم احمد عزيزي   را سروده­هايي تشكيل مي­دهد كه دربرگيرندة مفاهيم و مضامين مذهبي و عرفاني مي­باشند. انديشه و مضمون شعر او برگرفته از بن­مايه­هاي انقلاب و ادبيات پايداري   است، عرفان او هم عرفاني است كه به­وسيلة انقلاب تصحيح شده­است. وي همواره از مفاهيم انتزاعي سخن مي‌­گويد و بدين جهت براي قابل درك شدن، پيوسته از استعاره‌هاي مفهومي بهره مي‌گيرد.   شعر احمد عزيزي سرشار از نمادها و مفاهيم و مضامين استعاري است كه به شكل هنري و شاعرانه ساخته و پرداخته شده است و تلاش­مي­كند با كشف روابط ميان پديده­ها و مفاهيم ذهني خود از جمله اشخاص، مسائل اجتماعي و سياسي و ..نمادهاي تازه­اي   را در حوزه ادبيات پايداري بيافريند. واژگان كليدي: ادبيات پايداري، استعاره مفهومي، احمد عزيزي      
  42. A Comparative Study of Narrative in "Soraya in Coma" and "the Sun also Rises" Based on Gerard Genette's Narrative Theory
    Ali MOradi 2023
  43. Structural analysis of the element of time in Nizam al-Mulk's policy based on Gerard Genet's theory
    Noosheen Rezabeygi 2023
  44. the study of semantic and visual effects of female personality in the poems of Mohammad Saeed Mirzaie Fazel Nazari and Garoos Abdolmalekian
    Bahareh Salarabadi 2023
    هدف: بررسي نمود چهره‌ي زن، در دوره‌هاي مختلف شعر فارسي؛ اعم از كلاسيك و معاصر داراي ارزش‌هاي بسيار است كه هم از لحاظ محتوا و هم از لحاظ تأثيري كه بر فرم و جلوه‌هاي بلاغي و زيباشناختي شعر مي‌گذارد، مي‌تواند مورد توّجه واقع شود. پژوهش‌هاي مربوط به اين حوزه، مي‌توانند علاوه بر فايده‌هاي مذكور، ارزش‌هاي فرهنگي، روانشناختي، مردم‌شناختي، جامعه‌شناسانه و در عين حال ادبي فراوان داشته باشند. بر اساس اين اهميّت، هدف اين پژوهش، بررسي كاركرد معنايي و تصويري شخصيّت زن در شعر سه شاعر شاخص معاصر محمّدسعيد ميرزايي، فاضل نظري و گروس عبدالملكيان است كه به‌طور گسترده در آثارشان به زن پرداخته‌اند و توّجه ويژه‌اي به نمودهاي مختلف و نقش‌هاي گوناگون زن اعم از نقش مادري، همسري، معشوقي و غيره نشان داده‌اند.    روش‌شناسي پژوهش: اين پژوهش، به شيوه‌ي توصيفي - تحليلي انجام گرفته است كه هم شامل طبقه‌بندي انواع، تبيين بسامدها و استدلال درباره‌ي آن‌هاست و هم ناظر به توضيح و تحليل كاركردهاي معنايي و تصويري يافته‌ها.    يافته‌ها: مهم‌ترين يافته‌هاي اين پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه بيشترين حجم آثار محمّدسعيد ميرزايي را شعرهاي عاشقانه در بر مي‌گيرند كه در آن‌ها استعاره، تشبيه و تناسب نمودي بارزتر دارند و غالباّ هنگام توصيف شخصيّت زن و نيز وصف زيبايي‌ها يا حالات دروني او، جلوه يافته‌اند. در شعر ميرزايي زن حضور مستقيم دارد و نقش معشوقي نسبت به ساير نقش‌ها پررنگ‌تر است. در شعر فاضل نظري تشبيه، استعاره و تضاد بسامد بيشتري دارند كه اغلب هنگام گلايه از معشوق، بيان دلتنگي و دوري از يار ديده مي‌شوند. زن در شعر نظري حضوري آشكار دارد و در هيبت معشوقي بي‌وفا پديدار مي‌شود.گروس عبدالملكيان در سروده‌هايش از تشبيه، نماد و كنايه بيشتر بهره مي‌گيرد؛ امّا نمي‌توان شعرش را شعري نمادين دانست. اين تصاوير اغلب به منظور توصيف حالات و نمودهاي مختلف زن در نقش‌هاي گوناگوني كه به عنوان معشوق، همسر و مادر مي‌پذيرد، آشكار مي‌شوند. در بخش كاركرد معنايي جدايي و دوري از معشوق بيش از ديگر مضامين عاشقانه در شعر عبدالملكيان نمود دارد.    نتيجه‌گيري: در ادامه‌ي تبيين مهم‌ترين يافته‌ها، بارزترين شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌هاي آثار بررسي شده، از منظر كاركردهاي تصويري و معنايي نيز قابل ذكرند. مهم‌ترين شباهت‌ها عبارتند از: بسامد بيشتر تشبيه و استعاره براي توصيف شخصيّت زن. بارزترين تفاوت‌ها نيز از اين قرارند: استعاره در شعر ميرزايي نسبت به تشبيه از بسامد بالايي برخوردار است و از طيف رنگ‌هاي مختلف براي بيان حالات روحي خود در شعرهايش بهره مي‌گيرد، همچنين نسبت به نظري و عبدالملكيان دايره‌ي واژگاني گسترده‌تري دارد و مرز خيالش فراتر از آن‌هاست. شعر فاضل نظري مختصر است و مفيد، تلفيقي است از سبك هندي و عراقي و غزل نوين. ركن اصلي شعرهايش تشبيه است و از بين تشبيهات، تشبيه مضمر بيشترين بسامد را در آثارش دارد. برخلاف ميرزايي، در شعر نظري غير از رنگ سرخ كه در غزل‌هاي مختلف به كرات ديده مي‌شود، از ديگر رنگ‌ها خبري نيست جز يك يا دو رنگ ديگر كه بسيار محدودند. انگار دنياي شعري فاضل نظري دنياي رنگ سرخ است: گل سرخ، لب سرخ، سيب سرخ، شقايق سرخ، غنچه‌هاي سرخ. زبان شعر نظري نسبت به ميرزايي و عبدالملكيان كهنه‌تر است و دايره‌ي واژگاني محدودتري دارد. دايره‌ي واژگاني گروس عبدالملكيان نسبت به نظري گسترده‌تر و در مقايسه با ميرزايي محدودتر است. در شعرهايش از تشبيه مضمر بهره‌ي بسيار گرفته و در كنار آن با استفاده از واژه‌هاي تازه و امروزي در كنار واژه‌هاي معمول و رايج زبان، تصاوير و تركيبات كليشه‌اي را پس زده و تصاويري تازه و مدرن آفريده است. رنگ‌ها در شعر عبدالملكيان حالتي بينابين دارند، نه مانند ميرزايي به رنگ‌آميزي شعرش پرداخته و نه مانند نظري تنها به يك يا دو رنگ بسنده كرده است. در بخش كاركرد معنايي اين پژوهش به اهميّت استفاده از رنگ‌هاي مختلف در شعر اين سه شاعر به تفصيل پرداخته شده است.      
  45. Investigating the Resistence components in "Katab Nouruddin Son of Iran" by Masouma Sepehri
    Mariam Yaridehlagi 2023
       هدف: يكي از مهم‌ترين گونه‌هاي ادبي كه بيشترين كاركرد را در زمان‌هاي دفاع مقدّس و بعد از آن داشته است، خاطره‌نگاري مي‌باشد. خاطره‌نگاري دوران دفاع مقدّس باعث شده تا مخاطبان دربار? اوضاع مختلف جنگ هشت ساله اطلاعات زيادي را كسب كنند و با مؤلفه‌هاي اخلاقي رزمندگان كه طي اين آثار منتشر شده، آشنا شوند. هدف اين پژوهش، بررسي و معرفي اين مؤلفه‌ها، همچنين نشان دادن نويسندگان اين آثار است. اين اثر مشخصاً متمركز است بر بررسي مؤلفه‌هاي پايداري كتاب نورالدين پسر ايران. روش‌شناسي پژوهش: اين پژوهش از گون? «بنيادي» و با رويكردي «توصيفي _تحليلي» است؛ كه به روش، طبقه‌بندي و تلفيق يادداشت‌ها بر اساس روش تحليل محتوا است. پس از انتخاب موضوع، بيان مسأله، اهداف پژوهش، فرضيه‌هاي پژوهش، تنظيم و تحليل داده‌ها، نتيجه‌گيري به عمل آمده است. و   براي تدوين بحث‌هاي نظري از روش كتابخانه‌اي استفاده شده است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش: در اين پژوهش ضمن تحليل داده‌ها، شخصاً به مؤلفه‌هاي اصلي و اصيل موجود در كتاب نورالدين پسر ايران رسيدم كه بيشتر متمركز است بر وطن دوستي و ارج نهادن به نهاد شهيد و شهادت طلبي و مقاومت در برابر دشمن و دركل ظلم ستيزي در كنار اين موارد توضيحات دقيقي از عمليات جنگي رزمندگان را نيز مي‌شود ديد. نتيجه‌گيري: از پژوهش حاضر مي‌توان به اين نتيجه رسيد كه خاطرات دفاع مقدّس، داراي مؤلفه‌هاي لذت بخش و دردآلود است حتي در مؤلفه‌هاي درد آلود چهر? منفي جنگ نبوده بلكه پايداري مردم ايران و رزمندگان جان بر كف براي پيروزي بر دشمن مي‌رساند و اين مؤلفه‌ها در دوران دفاع مقدّس، ظرفيت و پايداري را در خود دارد و از رزمندگان انسان‌هايي وارسته ساخته و جنگ را براي دفاع از ميهن، مقدّس دانسته‌اند. كليد واژه: دفاع مقدّس، خاطرات دفاع مقدّس، مؤلفه‌هاي پايداري، كتاب نورالدين پسر ايران. كليد واژه: دفاع مقدّس، خاطرات دفاع مقدّس، مؤلفه‌هاي پايداري، كتاب نورالدين پسر ايران.
  46. A Contrastive Study of Stylistic tendencies in the poetry of Yadollah Behzad and Parto Kermanshahi
    Nahid Naderi khoshinani 2023
    هدف:مطالعاتسبك شناسانه،امروزه به عنوان يكي از روش هاي دقيق و كاربردي بررسي متون ادبي در دوره هاي مختلف محسوب مي شود.سبك شناسي،با توجه خاص به مسئله بسامد،انواع ويژگي هاي مختلف در اثر يا آثار ادبي، مي تواند در شناخت هرچه بهتر سبك شخصي و دوره اي آن آثار ياري رساند.علي اشرفي نوبتي معروف به پرتو كرمانشاهي و يدالله بهزاد كرمانشاهي از شاعران برجسته و توانمند معاصر در شهر كرمانشاه مي باشند،ما در اين نوشتار با اين رويكرد به بررسي سبك شناسي اشعار اين دو شاعر در سه سطح زباني،ادبي و فكري پرداخته ايم.هدف اصلي اين پژوهش،تبيين و بررسي ويژگي هاي اشعار اين دو شاعر جهت تعيين سبك مورد نظر آنها مي باشد.   
  47. A research in keykhosroo's story based on "the journey of one only hero(myth)" theory by Joseph Campbell
    Bahman Veisy 2023
  48. Review of the status and works of Dr. Ali Akbar Naghipour
    Kayoumars Zarafshan 2023
       In the corners of this wide border and landscape, there are people who have done great services in the field of national or local literature, but they have not been recognized and introduced as they should and deserve. Introducing the native writers and writers of a community, while being a kind of appreciation for their efforts, can also add to the richness of the native literature and culture of that community. In addition, examining their works means planting and adding a fragrant flower to the garden of literature of that society so that students and interested people can benefit from it in their research. Purpose: Dr. Ali Akbar Naqipour is one of the literary figures of Kermanshah who is not known as much as he should be. In this treatise, citing descriptive sources, the author has pursued three goals: 1- Introduction and biography of this literary figure as one of the writers and researchers of Kermanshah province 2- Reviewing and introducing his works and examining the importance and literary status of the remaining works From him, including published and unpublished works that amount to fifteen works in four fields of literature, history, sociology and medicine, to the readers and the academic community 3- Review and descriptive analysis of the book "The Flowers of Zagros" which is called " "Kolhari" Kurdish songs are also famous. Research method: Since Dr. Ali Akbar Naqipour passed away in 2012, therefore, the research method in this thesis was to introduce his condition by field method and interviews with his family and relatives, and in the section to review his works by library method. Is. Findings: Kurdish traditional poetry, like Persian folklore literature, has its own subtleties. which has not yet been explored as much as it should. Conclusion: This research first introduced the status and highlighted the works of one of the contemporary figures of Kurdish literature, whose life and works had been shrouded in mystery until now. In the second place, the descriptive analysis of the book "Flowers of Zagros" in this dissertation shows that traditional Kurdish poetry is rich and can be analyzed and investigated from various aspects such as linguistic features, literary arrays, themes and intellectual aspects. Research in this field can help to better understand Persian literature and its richness.    Keywords: native literature, Dr. Ali Akbar Naqipour, flowers of Zagros, Kurdish songs of Kalhori
  49. A study of the resistance approach of Iranians against foreign enemies in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh (from the beginning to the end of Kaykhosrow period)
    Mehdi Boromandjejad 2023
    شاهنامه اثر گرانسنگ فرزانه‌ي طوس، حكيم ابوالقاسم فردوسي، شاعر پرآوازه ايران‌زمين در قرن چهارم هجري است. شاهنامه يكي از مهم‌ترين آثار حماسي جهان است و به سه دوره‌ي اسطوره‌اي، پهلواني و تاريخي تقسيم مي‌شود. پژوهش ‌ما با عنوان بررسي رويكرد مقاومتي ايرانيان در برابر دشمنان خارجي در شاهنامه فردوسي كه از دوره پادشاهي كيومرث و پيشداديان شروع مي‌شود و تا پايان دوره كيخسرو از پادشاهان كياني ادامه دارد، در دورة اسطوره‌اي و پهلواني قرارگرفته است. در اين دوران ايرانيان با چند نوع جنگ خارجي با بيگانگان سروكار دارند 1- جنگ با ديوان كه در دوران‌هاي پادشاهي كيومرث، هوشنگ و طهمورث و كيكاووس و كيخسرو اتفاق مي‌افتد. 2- نبرد با موجودات افسانه‌اي و هفت‌خاني كه بيشتر در دوران پادشاهي كيكاووس اتفاق مي‌افتد. 3- نبرد با تورانيان كه جزو بيشترين نبردها مي‌باشد از دوران پادشاهي فريدون آغاز مي‌شود. در اين دوره ايرج ناجوانمردانه توسط برادرانش سلم و تور كشته مي‌شود و فريدون به كين خواهي از مرگ ايرج، با فرماندهي منوچهر از نوادگان ايرج، با سلم و تور مي‌جنگد و آنان را به قتل مي‌رساند. پس از اين دوران تورانيان در نبردهاي خود نقش مهاجم را دارند و نقش ايرانيان دفاعي و كين خواهانه است تنها در دو نبرد در دوران پادشاهي كيكاووس، كه پادشاهي خودكامه بود و به‌منظور توسعه قلمرو خود به مازندران و هاماوران حمله مي‌كند، ايرانيان نقشي مهاجم را دارند. و دوران پادشاهي كيكاووس كه سياوش فرزند او ناجوانمردانه توسط افراسياب كشته مي‌شود، دوباره ايرانيان به كين خواهي از مرگ سياوش با تورانيان مي جنگند و اين نبردهاي خونين تا پايان دوران پادشاهي كيخسرو ادامه دارد .كيخسرو به كين خواهي از مرگ پدرش سياوش در نبرد بزرگ با افراسياب نياي خود مي‌جنگد و موفق مي‌شود كه او را به قتل برساند و به نبردهاي خونين بين ايرانيان و تورانيان پايان دهد.   واژگان كليدي: شاهنامه، دشمنان خارجي، ايرانيان، مقاومت و پايداري      
  50. Investigating the Structural-narrative structure of the literary type of genre memoir, in the story of “Maryam's boots”.
    Sadaf Sadegi 2023
    Abstract The time gap from the era of holy defense has slowed down the rhythm of the poems and made their length longer and thinking prevailed over them.Rethinking the past and remembering what happened in the past turned the poems of this period into memoirs, and the novel Maryam's Boots is an example of this period, which tries to become an example of historiography by writing memoirs and collecting historical informatio  
  51. A Comparative Study of the Components of Immigration Literature in Return and Amricana Novels.
    SHABNAM AMIRI 2023
       Abstract Migration literature is considered a branch of contemporary and modern literature that is connected with various social, cultural, political and economic issues and actually represents an up-to-date issue in society, therefore, this type and branch of literature has specific content and components. It is unique, and this has caused its content and thematic difference with the literature of the homeland, these components include: cultural differences and losses, nostalgia, identity crisis, racial discrimination, fear and anxiety, etc. The works created in the field of immigration literature take advantage of the life experiences of the immigrant in the two countries of origin and destination, so it can depict the events that happened to the immigrant in both countries in a realistic way. Therefore, the audience of this type of literature was also familiar with new cultures. This is a short definition about the function of migration literature, which is more fully discussed in the text of the research. The main goals that were considered in the focus of this thesis and were carried out are the analysis and review of the two mentioned works to analyze the components of migration literature and also to understand the concept, motivation and effects of migration on the identity, spirit and life of the immigrant. Consequences of the colonial and post-colonial worlds. Regarding the content of this thesis, it should be added that all the content has been written based on the same goals. During this analysis and investigations, similar and main components were extracted from the text of both works, and during that time, the differences and similarities of each was also informed. The first part of the main chapter of this research (fourth chapter) was also devoted to the subject of colonialism, its theory, and the types of colonialism, and from this point of view, the relationship aspect of two works with this important theory was also determined. During the comparative review of two novels, it was found that in addition to many similarities, they also have differences with each other, which, in addition to being noted in the analytical texts, were also noted in the conclusion section. At the end of these studies and analyses, it was found that the narrative method and the outline of the story that both authors used to create their works have similarities, both of these famous authors, although they are from two different nationalities, but in the case of immigration , its issues and challenges have almost the same point of view, they have acted identically in the identification of the main character in their novels, in addition to all these cases, most of the components chosen to nurture and give foliage to each The two novels were not without similarities, but naturally, they had differences in the amount of content and in some details, which were discussed in detail in the main text of the research. Finally, at the end of these comparative reviews It can be added that immigration literary works can be a good guide for people who decide to emigrate and familiarize them with the challenges and issues they face in this way in advance, as well as the analyzes related to the identity part of this research. It can also be a help to know the type of personality and identity of real immigrants in the society, because immigrant literary works are usually i  ired by the tangible experiences of immigration, which are created by writers who are immigrants or
  52. Investigating the types of Allegory and its concepts in Feizi Sonnets
    Zinab Parvin 2023
  53. The Rhetorical and Semantic Function of Irony in Asrarottowhid and Tazkeratolowlia.
    Zainab Salehi majd 2023
  54. Investigating the components Resistance Literature in Afif Bakhtaris poems.
    Neda Moradi 2023
  55. The Reflection of folklore in the poetry of Partow Keermanshahi
    2023
    ادبيات برخاسته از شرايط اجتماعي و تغيير و تحولاتي است كه در بطن جامعه رخ مي­دهد و مستقيماً بر سبك و آثار شاعران تأثير مي­گذارد بنابراين آثار شاعران مي­تواند به­خوبي بازتاب­دهند? اقليمي باشد كه گوينده در آن پرورش يافته است. به عبارت ديگر ادب عاميانه هر ملتي، مجموعه­اي از دانش­ها و اعتقادات و رسم و رسومي است كه فرد در برخورد با جامع? خويش فرا گرفته است و با عنوان شيو? معيشتي و زيستي هميشه همراه اوست. با بررسي فرهنگ عامه و گفتمان­هاي فرهنگي هر قوم و ملتي از طريق مطالعات ميان­رشته­اي و تطبيقي مي­توان به شناساندنِ هويت و ايجاد تعاملات فرهنگي بين اقوام با عقايد و باورهاي مختلف پرداخت. در اين ميان ادبيات كردي نيز همچون ساير فولكلورهاي اقوام ديگر   دربردارند? تمامي ابعاد زندگي و روحيات و حماسه­ها و عاشقان­هاي قوم كرد در گذر زمان است. پرتو كرمانشاهي (1310- 1400) از شاعران معاصر كرمانشاه و شاعري برخاسته از ميان مردم است كه در شرايط جامع? خود زيسته است و از كودكي با   با رنج­ها و مشقت­هاي مردم اقليم خود آشنا شده. پرتو به­عنوان نمايند? سرزمين خود بازتاب دهند? بسياري از مسائل اجتماعي محيط پيرامون خود است و در آثار خود به عناصر عاميانه­اي هچون اعتقاد به تقدير و تأثير افلاك و ستارگان بر سرنوشت، تعويذ و جادو و نيز آسيب­هاي اجتماعي همانند ريا و حسدورزي، سخن چيني و قحط وفا پرداخته است. بنابراين در اين پژوهش نظر به اهميت عناصر عاميانه و بازتاب آن در ادبيات كردي با بهره­گيري از تعاريف عناصر عاميانه و تقسيم­بندي­هاي انجام شده در اين حوزه مجموعه آثار پرتو كرمانشاهي را كه در مجموعه شعر «كوچه باغي­هاي» چاپ شده است، مورد بررسي قرار مي­گيرد و عناصر عاميانه آن استخراج و تحليل مي­شود. اين پژوهش به­شيوه توصيفي- تحليلي صورت مي­گيرد و داده­هاي آن براساس شيو? كتابخانه­اي جمع­آوري خواهد شد.    واژگان كليدي: فرهنگ عاميانه، باورهاي عاميانه، شعر پژوهي، پرتو كرمانشاهي.      
  56. A Comparative Study of Educational Fields in Bustan Saadi and the Fundamental Transformation Document of Education.
    Mohsen Rezaie 2022
       In recent years, with the approval of the Fundamental Transformation Document and the National Curriculum, which is the roadmap for the production of textbook content, we are witnessing extensive changes in the content of textbooks. Considering the importance of exploiting the heritage of Persian literature in school textbooks, the present study aims to analyze the content of Bustan Saadi based on the educational areas of the document of fundamental change in education and in a qualitative method of analytical-descriptive type. For this purpose, it first analyzes the components of educational fields based on the objectives of the theoretical foundations of fundamental change in the formal and public education system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, including six areas: religious education, social education, physical education, art education, economic education and scientific education. And the components of each are extracted and validated. Then, using the content analysis method, the full text of Bustan Saadi is qualitatively analyzed based on the components of each of the six educational areas, and the examples related to each of the components are counted. It can be concluded that there is a great connection between the educational fields of the document of fundamental change in education and the valuable book of Bustan Saadi. If these examples and teachings are applied in the process of education and the document of the fundamental transformation of education is properly implemented, we can expect the training of learners in line with national and Islamic teachings.
  57. A study of various hints in the lyric poems of Amir Hassan Dehlavi
    Zhaleh Davosi tabar 2022
       Review: Amir Najmuddin Hassan Ibn Ala Sajzi Dehlavi is one of the prominent Persian speakers of India in the seventh and eighth centuries AH. This prominent poet and writer emerged shortly after Saadi. Amir Hassan's influence on Saadi of Shiraz, especially in his sonnets, is so great that despite a prominent poet such as Amir Khosrow Dehlavi (Indian parrot), he is known as "Saadi of India". His great love and devotion to Saadi Shirazi has made him one of his first followers and he has made many efforts to reach the fluent language and tenderness of the sonnet.This Sistani poet has played an important role in the development of the Persian language in the Indian subcontinent and has brought the Persian language to the peak of honor and prestige in the Mamluk period of this region. Amir Hassan Dehlavi is one of the poets who has used allusions in his poems and thus added to his poetic richness. The array of allusions distinguishes the poetry of this poet from other poets of his time. This way of composing poetry by Amir Hassan Dehlavi has been welcomed by Ghaznavid kings and sultans.In this dissertation, which is a type of dissertation or documentary research, we have collected and analyzed the poems of this great poet who had an array of allusions in a library method, and in various types of allusions in various categories of Sentences: Quranic verses, hadiths and narrations, stories of prophets and imams (AS), myths, proverbs and beliefs and popular culture have been categorized and in the end it has been concluded that Amir Hassan in using an allusion to his poems from The array of allusion is hidden and overt, and understanding this array (hidden and overt) in allusion requires mastery of literature. Keywords: Amir Hassan Dehlavi, allusion, poems, allusion array
  58. A Study of the Components of Magic Realism in "Azadaran Bayal" and "My Uncle Jamshidkhan"
    2022
       چكيده رئاليسم  جادويي به نوعي خاص و شيوه‌اي ويژه از رئاليسم گفته‌ مي‌شود كه در نيم? قرن بيستم به وجود آمد. در اين شيوه از داستان‌نويسي، ضمن اين‌كه نويسنده به فرهنگ و باورهاي عامّه و گاه خرافي توجّه مي‌كند، آن‌ها را به‌عنوان امري واقعي و عادي به نمايش مي‌گذارد. غلامحسين ساعدي يكي از نويسندگاني است كه در ايران از  رئاليسم  جادويي  در داستان‌هاي خود سود جسته است. در اقليم كُردستان عراق نيز بختيار علي در آثار خود به اين نوع از نويسندگي توجّه كرده و از ظرفيت فرهنگي و باورهاي عاميان? كُردانِ عراق براي نماياندن رئاليسم جادويي بهره برده است. در اين پژوهش كه به روش توصيفي- تحليلي انجام مي‌گيرد، نگارنده مي‌كوشد ضمن تعريف و تبيين رئاليسم جادويي و شاخصه‌هاي آن، نخست مؤلفه‌هاي رئاليسم جادويي را در داستان «عزداران بَيَل» از غلامحسين ساعدي و «جمشيدخان، عمويم» از بختيار علي، استخراج كند، سپس با رويكردي مقايسه‌اي روشن سازد كه اين نويسندگان به‌عنوان نمايندگاني از دو فرهنگ فارس و كُرد، چگونه از اين مؤلفه‌ها در آثار خود استفاده كرده‌اند و تشابهات و تفاوت‌هاي رئاليسم جادويي در آثارشان چه بوده است.
  59. Analysis of Social Issues in Two Collection of Stories: The Smell of Bread and Shout
    Parvin Almasi 2022
    هدف: جامعه‌شناسي ادبيّات شاخه‌اي نو از مطالعاتِ ميان‌رشته‌اي است كه در آن به بررسي پيوندِ جامعه با ادبيات مي‌پردازند. ما در اين پژوهش در پي دستيابي به اين هدف هستيم كه تاريخِ نانوشت? مردمِ كرمانشاه را از خِلالِ داستان‌هاي جعفر كازروني در چند ده? گذشته بررسي كنيم و از اين راه تصويري عيني از مسائل اجتماعي اين شهر به دست دهيم. روش‌شناسي پژوهش: بررسي لايه‌هاي پنهان يا مغفول يك جامعه با كمكِ متون ادبي روشي است كه امروزه در مطالعات جامعه‌شناختي جايگاه ويژه‌اي دارد. بر همين اساس، ما نيز در اين پژوهش، نخست، آثار جعفر كازروني را بررسي كرديم و از بين اين آثار متنوع و فراوانِ او دو مجموع? «بوي نان» و «هوار» را برگزيديم كه بيشترين پيوند را با تود? مردم داشت و در واقع مي‌توان آنها را روايتِ زندگي تود? مردم كرمانشاه در دهه‌هاي گذشته دانست. سپس با مطالعه و فيش‌برداري از اين دو اثر ارجاعاتِ اين دو مجموعه را به مسائل اجتماعي گردآوري كرديم و آنها را در دسته‌هايي چند قرار داديم تا به جامعه‌شناسي از راهِ ادبيّات بپردازيم. يافته‌ها: آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي گوناگوني مانند كودكانِ كار، سرقت، بزهكاري نوجوانان، زنان بي‌سرپرست، ترك تحصيل در سنينِ پايين، بيكاري، كودكانِ تك‌والد، مهاجرت روستانشينانِ فقير به شهر، حاشيه‌نشيني و زاغه‌نشيني از جمل? مهم‌ترين مسائلي هستند كه در دو اثر مورد بررسي ما بازتاب يافته است و بررسي و تحليل آنها دركي عميق‌تر و عيني از مسائل اجتماعي كرمانشاه در دهه‌هاي گذشته به دست مي‌دهد. نتيجه‌گيري: جعفر كازروني نويسنده‌اي رئاليست است كه از كنارِ مسائل اجتماعي بي‌اعتنا نگذشته است و آنها را در آثار خود بازتاب داده است. از همين‌روي، آثار اين نويسنده به مثاب? آينه‌اي است كه مي‌توان تاريخ تود? مردم را در آن ديد و با شناختِ كاستي‌هاي اجتماعي در پي درمانِ مسائلِ اجتماعي برآمد. همچنين بر اساسِ اين پژوهش مي‌توان فهميد در شهر كرمانشاه از بينِ مسائلِ مختلفِ اجتماعي آنچه بيش از ديگر امور به مردم اين شهر آسيب زده است، فقر و مسائل مرتبط با آن است. كليدواژه‌ها: جامعه‌شناسي، اجتماعيات، داستانِ فارسي، جعفر كازروني، بوي نان، هوار.   
  60. Evaluation of Semantics Fostering Practices Regarding Qabusnameh and Marzbannameh Narrations Based on Discourse Support Theory
    Farzaneh Ahmadi 2022
  61. بررسي تطبيقي مولفه هاي پايداري در رمان هاي شهربانو حلواي عروسي و مربع هاي قرمز
    Kajal Zamani 2022
  62. Examining Semantic and Visual Functions of Allusion in Khwaju Kermani' s Gol and Nowruz
    Samira Ravandi nia 2022
  63. A comparative study of the compositions of Aref Qazvini and Ismail Khormali based on the sociological theory of literature
    Maryam Sarmasti 2022
    Literary works, like a mirror, in addition to reflectingthe thoughts and ideas of its creators, also reflect the course of politicaland social developments, and this shows that the interplay between literatureand society is inevitable. Other arts are always seen. Contemporary Persian andArabic poetry is also closely related to political and social developments.Aref Qazvini and Tawfiq Amin Ziad are two prominent poets of the contemporaryera who have looked at the developments around them with a look at commitmentand social influences. Therefore, the present study, with a descriptive andanalytical approach and relying on the poems of the two mentioned poets,intends to study and analyze the social and political layers in their poems.The result of the research indicates that Aref Qazvini's poetry has a moresocial aspect than Tawfiq Amin Ziad. Tasnif has lessened the bitterness ofthese pains. Of course, he was not unaware of the political developments andhis attachment to the constitutional developments is clear in his poems. TawfiqAmin Ziad's poetry is mostly influenced by the occupation of the Zionistregime, and along with solidarity with the displaced people of Palestine, itrefers to these developments. Aref Qazvini and Tawfiq Amin Ziad are protestingpoets. Sometimes Aref Qazvini's protests become sharp and biting and ofteninvolve social and political elements.
  64. A Comparative Study of Descriptions of Nature in the Poem of Ibn Khafaja Andalusian and Hazin Lahiji
    FARSHID FATHI 2021
  65. Reflection of City Bombardments During the Holy Defense in “ Homeless Shelter”، “ City Lights”، and “ Flight Doctor”
    Arezo Hossein Panah 2021
  66. An Analysis of Evident and Hidden Seven Labors in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh
    Poorya Shahmohammadi 2021
  67. A comparative study of the Archetype of the hero's journey in Garshasbnameh and Homer's Odyssey
    Reza Mousa Zadeh 2021
  68. A Comparative Study of Gender Inequality Mahmoud Dowlatabadi's "Missing Soluch"and Zaharia Stancu's "Barefoot"
    Zeinab Khalghi manesh 2021
  69. A comparative analysis of the myths of fratricide and filicide in Iranian, Greek and Roman culture
    Zahra Ghasemi 2021
  70. The Analysing of Lyric Concepts in Poems of Ilamian Kurdish Poets: Ghol?m Rez? Kh?n -e- Arkaw?zi, Sh?kaw Kh?n Mansour, Ali Asgar -e- Abb?si -e- Ar?m and Vali Mohammad -e- Omidi
    Elham Sohrabi 2021
  71. Reflection of folklore in Shirko Bikas's poetry) Case Study;Goorestany Cherkan, Darbandy Pahpulah and Paeeza mivan)
    Halsho Moha 2021
  72. Studying the Common Features between the Literature of Resistance and the Mystical literature in Tumi’s Masnavi
    Saba Ghanbari 2021
  73. The Study of Resistance Components in Saif Afriqi by Mohammad Dib
    Hadis Yazdanbakhsh 2021
  74. A comparative study of the Ethical Teachings of the wisdoms of Nahjolbalage and Kimiyayesaadat
    Shahin Hatami 2020
  75. A Comparative Study Of The Symbols Of The »Haft Paykar« And "The Little Prince"
    Arezo Fakhri 2020
  76. the comparative study on themes between post of amal donghol and farrokhi yazdi
    Nasrin Haghighi 2020
  77. Conceptual metaphorical writings in Sorani, Kalhori, Horami and Gorani Kurdish proverbs
    Hakim Abdollahmohammad 2020
  78. The Translation of The Book: Adaptive Literature Difficulties Horizons by:Abdeh Abbood.
    Mona Sorkheh 2020
  79. monorhym Study and Its Role in the Aesthetics of Salman Savighi's Poetry
    Mehrdad Ahoor 2020
  80. Classification and Analysis of Didactive Concepts in Persian Idioms and Proverbs( According to Dictionary Proverbs Dialogue )
    Nasim Karemi 2020
    چكيدهادبياتتعليمي، يكي از انواع مهمّ ادبي است كه تا به حال در متون نظم و نثر بسياري موردمطالعه قرار گرفته است؛ زيرا تعليم و تربيت، يكي از نخستين و مهم‌ترين دغدغه‌هايبشر بوده است. در واقع ادب تعليمي، بسياري از آثار ارزنده‌ي ادبيات جهان را به خوداختصاص داده است و القاي آموزه‌هاي تعليمي از گذشته تا حال، مقصود آثار منظوم ومنثور متعدّدي در ادبيات ملل و از جمله ايران بوده است. در اين ميان، امثال وحِكَم، مي‌تواند دربردارنده‌ي مفاهيم تعليمي بسياري باشد كه از فحواي مَثَل- بهصورت مستقيم و غيرمستقيم- دريافت مي‌شود. در واقع امثال و حِكَم، جمله‌هايي كوتاه،مشهور و رايج در ميان مردم هستند كه اغلب مشتمل بر تشبيهات، كنايات، مفاهيماستعاري و مجازي و تمثيل خواهند بود و مفاهيم تعليمي برخاسته از آنان مي‌تواند، درمطالعه و پژوهش درباره‌ي مسائل ديني، اخلاقي، اجتماعي، سياسي، فرهنگي و به طوركلّي زندگي مردمان گذشته، ياريگر پژوهشگران در حوزه‌هاي مختلف باشد. امثال و حِكَمفارسي به دليل علاقه‌ي گذشتگان به ساختن امثال( براي القاي معني بيشتر در كلاميموجز) زبان فارسي را در شمار چند زبان مهم در جهان قرار داده است كه بسياري ازمجموعه‌هاي مهمّ امثال و حِكَم را نيز( در مقايسه با ساير ملل) در خود جاي دادهاست. بر اين اساس، نگارنده با توجّه به اهمّيّت ادبيات تعليمي و امثال و حِكَمفارسي، پژوهش پيش رو را، تلفيقي از اين دو موضوع ايجاد كرده است و در اين راستا، فرهنگامثال سخن، به عنوان كامل‌ترين مجموعه انتخاب شد. استفاده از مجموعه‌‌ي امثالو حِكَم دهخدا در ثبت و ضبط امثال، ذكر تمام امثال سائره بدون حشو و زوايد، ارائه‌ينثري يكدست در نگارش امثال، اشاره به شأن نزول امثال براي رفع ابهام از مَثَل،قرار دادن فهرست واژگان كليدي براي امثال و ارجاع درست به نام شاعران و نويسندگاناز محاسن اين مجموعه بود كه نگارنده با توجّه به جايگاه آن، در رفع كاستي‌هاي كُتُبامثال، اين كتاب را برگزيد. روش اين پژوهش، توصيفي- تحليلي است و طبقه‌بندي وتحليل آموزه‌هاي تعليمي در آن، براساس سي و سه هزار مَثَل كتاب مذكور انجام گرفتهاست تا گروه‌هاي كلّي و زير‌مجموعه‌هاي مرتبط با آموزه‌ها تفكيك، بسامديابي وبراساس شواهد گزيده، از جنبه‌هاي وابسته به تحقيق، تحليل گردند. به اين ترتيب، ازنتايج به دست آمده در 76 گروه آموزه‌اي دريافتيم: آموزه‌هاي مربوط به حوزه هاي دينو مذهب، دنياشناسي، عشق‌ورزي و نيز كشورداريو حكومت، پرنمودترين امثال را به وجود آورده اند. اين بسامدها، توجّه دقيق،چندجانبه و ويژه‌ي ايرانيان را بهاصول، قواعد و بايدها و نبايدهاي اين امور، با ظرائف و جزئيات فراوان، نشان مي‌دهندو از نظر مطالعات جامعه‌شناسانه، مردم‌شناختي و روانشناسانه، بسيار حائز اهمّيّتند.از كم ‌بسامدترين گروه‌ها نيز مي‌توان به اهمّيّت سلام، ارزش سحرخيزي و لزوم توجّهبه آب و ارزش‌هاي حيات‌بخش آن اشاره كرد. توجّه به اين مفاهيم نيز با وجود نمود اندكشان،گوياي تنوّع مؤلّفه‌هاي تعليميِ آشكار شده در امثال فارسي و ابعاد ظريف و متعدّدضوابط زندگي فردي و اجتماعي، در ذهن و زبان ايرانيان است؛ امري كه طيف گسترده،گروه‌هاي پرشمار و جزئيات بسيار يافت شده در زمينه‌ي آموزه‌هاي امثال، به خوبيگواه آن است. بيشتر آموزه‌هاي تعليمي يافت شده بر اصول و قواعد اخلاقي مقبول امروزمنطبق هستند و بيشتر در گروه‌هاي اخلاقي و ديني قرار داشتند؛ زيرا رعايت اخلاقياتهمواره نزد ايرانيان مهم بوده است و دين و مذهب نيز بخش جدايي‌ناپذير زندگي مردممسلمان ايران بوده است. هم‌چنين ديدگاه‌هاي زن‌ستيزي، نهي پيشه‌ي شاعران، توصيه بهتملّق و چاپلوسي، توسّل به شك و ترديد براي دست يافتن به يقين و اعتقاد افراطي بهبخت و اقبال و تسليم در برابر قضا و قدر الهي( ديدگاه‌هاي جبرگرايانه) از موازينناسازگار با جامعه‌ي كنوني ما هستند.كليد‌واژه‌ها:آموزه‌هاي تعليمي، مَثَل، حكمت، امثال و حِكَم فارسي، فرهنگ امثال سخن.  
  81. AESTHETIC ANALYSIS OF MOUEH CHELL SERUU IN THE LAKKI LANGUAGE
    Safar Ebrahimian monfared 2020
  82. The Function of Semantic and Imagery of Nature Elements in Characterizing Sustainability According to the Poems of Sepideh Kashani , Nasrollah Mardani and Qaisar Aminpour.
    Roya Rajaeefarid 2020
  83. Analytical history of literature of kermanshah based on afsharyeh and zandyeh period
    Bahram Arfaei 2020
  84. A comparative study of the concept of Love in Abharol Asheghin and Ruzbehan Baghli and Atfol -Alefal-Malouf Alal-Lamel-Matouf Abolhassan Deilami.
    Parvin Ghanbari 2020
  85. The Analysis of Houshang Moradi Kermani’s Child and Adolescent Stories: Based on the P 4 C
    Farshad Eskandari 2020
  86. The Position and Role of Kermanshah Poets in Mashrooteh Literature
    Javad Kakaei 2020
  87. Indicators of poetic prose in two collection of selected stories by Bijan Najdi
    Laili Biglari 2020
  88. Personification Methods inSelected Four Romance (Novels) by Mostafa Mastoor
    Zahera Ahmadikyvanani 2020
  89. Exploring Zahak's personality in outstanding Persian literature works after Ferdowsi's Shahnameh through the seventh century
    Ghahrman Jahanfar 2020
    چكيده فارسي و كليدواژه‌هاهدف :ضحاك از چهره‌هاي رمزين شاهنامه فردوسي است در بخشاسطوره شاهنامه ظهور پيدا مي‌كند وخويش كاري‌هاي عجيب‌وغريبي دارد در اين پژوهش برآنيم كه شخصيت اين شاه ايران‌زمين را با كمك از ساير داستان‌هاي شاهنامه آثار اديبانبرجسته پس از فردوسي تا قرن هفتم موردبررسي قرار دهيم تا به فرامتن اثر و حقيقتداستان تا جايي كه ميسر است دست‌يابي داشته باشيم   روش‌شناسي پژوهش :نوع اين پژوهش تحليل محتوا است كه ازنظررويكرد توصيفي است با شيوه بررسي اسنادي و كتابخانه‌اي صورت گرفته است جامعه آماري :شاهنامه به‌عنوان مأخذ اصلي و آثار پس‌ازآنتا قرن هفتم به‌عنوان مآخذ متمم مورداستفاده بوده است چون دسترسي به تمام آثار دراين بازه زماني براي من امكان‌پذير نبود و از طرفي همه آثار به اين موضوع نپرداخته‌اندپس آثار برجسته را براي اين امر برگزيديم كه از زمان معاصر شاعر آغاز مي‌شود وتاقرن هفتم ادامه مي‌يابد يافته‌ها:در اين پژوهش دريافتيم كه داستان ضحاك آغاز يكرويكرد در اسطوره ايراني است كه مبناي ديني زرتشتي دارد و ضرورت ثنويت را بيان مي‌كندنمود اين ماجرا معمولاً تا پايان شاهنامه به‌صورت مستقيم و غيرمستقيم ديده مي‌شوددر آثار پس از شاهنامه هم موردتوجه بزرگان ايراني بوده است كه در آثار خود به ضحاكو خويش كاري‌هاي وي بارها اشارت داشته‌اند اما بسامد ماران دوش ضحاك از سايرموضوعات برجسته‌تر است نتيجه‌گيري :نتيجه اين پژوهش اين است كه اولاً ظهورضحاك يك حادثه صرف تاريخي نيست بلكه بيان حقيقتي تلخ در زيست بشري است كه هيچ زمانو مكاني آن را مقيد نمي‌كند ضحاك بازيگري تواناست كه نقش ابليس را در مقابل اهورامزدابازي مي‌كند گزارش فردوسي روايت غلبه سرنوشت بر زندگي نوع بشر است او مي‌خواهد در فرامتنبه ما بگويد كه از وجود ضحاك ناگزيريم چون بلافاصله در سلم وتور بازتوليد مي‌شود ودر بسياري از داستان‌هاي شاهنامه مي‌توان نام ونشاني از آن يافت   دريافتيم كه حكيم توس نمي‌خواهد فاجعه‌اي رابيان كند بلكه قصد دارد بهره‌اي از وجود جهان آفرينش را – بر اساس آموزه‌هايزرتشت – به نمايش بگذارد در آثار پس از شاهنامه نمود ضحاك با مأخذ شاهنامه موردتوجهبوده است اما ماران دوش ضحاك همچنان كه ما در فرضيه خود به آن پرداخته‌ايم او رابه شهرت رسانده است نتيجه‌اي كه ما از عنايت بزرگان برم بناي روش هرمنوتيك ونمادشناسي و نيز توجه به فرامتن داشته‌ايم اين است كه ماران دوش ضحاك چيزي جزدستان سياه‌كار وي نمي‌تواند باشد كليدواژه:شاهنامه ، ضحاك ، ماران ، دست‌ها   
  90. Review of Jalal AleAhmads Realistic Works ( The Case Study of the Corpus Short Stories of Dido bazdid and Zaneziadi and Novels of Modiremadreseh and Nefrin-e-zamin )
    Zainab Haidari fard 2020
  91. An Examination on Critical Approaches in the Ghazals of Hafez
    MARYAM Mohammadi alibari 2020
  92. A Comparative Study of Themes in Praise of Imam Ali in Persian and Arabic Poetry in the 11th Century
    Foroozan Khani 2020
  93. An Analysis of Metaphors in the of Maghamat Hariri and Maghamat Hmidi
    Parivash Bakhshi kal koshvandi 2020
  94. Reflection of Zarvani Beliefs in Darabname of Tarsosi.
    Omid Gol Anbari 2020
  95. A Descriptive Bibliography of Kurdish Dictionaries Published in Iraq between 2000 and 2018. Emphasizing on Kurdish-Persian and Persian -Kurdish Dictionaries
    SHAHEN MOHAMMED SAEED AMEEN 2019
  96. The rules of governance in Zahiri Samarghandie’s sindbadnameh
    Behzad Hagialiani 2019
  97. The Comparative Study of Mystical Thoughts of molana and ghonavi on the Perfect Man Relying on masnavi and fokok
    Maryam Hosseini zargooshe 2019
  98. astudyif three elemets of chidren popular literature and birds in the works of nizar qabbani and simimin behbahani
    Elham Rezaei 2019
  99. The Mystical Functions of Mythological Elements in the Poetry of Saeb Tabrizi.
    Nasim Shah mohammadi 2019
    National myth including Homa, Zaal, Ghaaf, Rostam, Seemorgh, Phoenix, Jamshid, Bizhan and Siavash.Historical myth including khezr, Iskandar and the water of life myth. Gnostic myths have referred to Hallaj, Plato Ibrahim Bin Adham. By using myths, Saeb has referred to gnostic contents like seclusion, love, annihilation, patience, effort, endeavor, demand, independence, contentment, solitude, silence, insight, prosperity, amazement, pantheism, reliance, enthusiasm, repentance, poverty, connection, monotheism, martyrdom, piety, repudiation, kindness, disclosing secret and satisfaction. This thesis has aim to study the application of mythical elements in Saeb`s poetical book.
  100. The Translation of The Quranic Expression interpretation and its Psychological Significance by Abdollah Mohammad ALjioci
    Vali Ramazani 2019
  101. Studying the Element of Time in the Novel “ Touba and meaning of night” by Shahrnoosh Parsi Pour( based on the Theory of Zherazh Zhenet).
    Lila Davodi kalam kaboudi 2019
  102. Love investigating views of Ebnesina Molasadra , maolana and Atar.
    Aghamah Heydari 2019
  103. The Comparative Study of Nonverbal Communication in Contemporary Stories(Case study"Magnificent soiree" and "The day of President Assassination")
    Zahra Mansoori 2019
  104. A comparative study on the mystical subjects in the poems of Hafez and the first part of Telmesani poems
    Zahra Pornasiri 2019
  105. The Role of Women in the Sacred Defense, With Emphasis on theNovels of Khab Sabze Eshgh and Khake Sorkh
    Khodad Moradi 2018
  106. A study of Social Issues in Writings of Fariba Vafi
    Saba Baba Moradi Keneshti 2018
  107. The Similarity of Epic Literature with Resistance Literature in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh
    Reza Saroki hossin abadi 2018
  108. The Signs of Resistance in Thr poems Yusef Ali Mirshakak
    Freshte Nori 2018
  109. morphology of paulo coelho s stories
    Halala Waysi 2018
  110. Study of Mystical Themes in the Holy Defense Poetry(Poets From Kermanshah)
    Morad Tayarizadeh 2018
  111. Reflecting Unjust and Ignorant Human in Mersad-al- Ebad, Masnavi-e- Manavi and Golshan-e-Raz
    Zahra Rostmi 2018
  112. The Imology of Persian Culture and Literature in the Works of Khaled Hosseini.
    Firuz Najafvand 2018
  113. A Critical Analysis of Feminism in Literary Criticism Looks
    Tahereh Koolvandi 2018
  114. Translation and Analysis of (Resistance Literature: from optimism to Defeat)
    Fatemeh Mohammadi 2018
  115. A Study Of Existential Components In Mostafa Mastour’s Works Emphasizing: “ Man Gonjeshk Nistam” And “ Res?le Darb?re- ye- N?der F?r?bi”
    Zahra Savaedi 2018
  116. An Analysis Of Poetry Of Sohrab Sepehry And Forohgh Farokhzad According To Philosophy Of Existentialism
    Morteza Shkari 2018
  117. Function of Allegory in two masnavi Tohfat alahrar and Sobhat Alabrar?S Jami
    Marzeyah Fatahe zadeh 2017
  118. The Function of the Mythical characters in the Poetry of the Constiutional and Holy defence Eras (with an Emphasis on the prominent Poets)
    Akbar Adib 2017
  119. Reflection of political- religious implications and Iranian culture in Fazel al-Azzawi poetry
    Entha Firoozi 2017
  120. Analayzing Dual Oppossitions in Religious Poetry of Ahmad Azizi
    Mohammad Naderi 2017
  121. Resistance Concepts and Issues in Shiar-e-143 Payi-Ke jamand
    Seyf alah Ahon bar 2017
  122. Symbol in the Poems Kurd Poets (Hemen, Hajar, Swareh Ilkhanizadeh and Jalal Malakshah)
    AHMAD RAHIMI 2017
  123. theoretical analysis and review of comparative literature and interdisciplinary studies
    2017
  124. An Analysis of Elegies on Imam hossein in The Third Book of “Adabottaff”
    2017
  125. Implications of Poetry of Zia AL-Din Abbas Study and Analysis
    ASHRAF MANA FERHOOD 2017
  126. Style and Content Analysis of Sajadiye Sahife Prayers and Abdolah Ansari.
    Razieh Rasad 2017
  127. the study ofstructure and content in the poems that focus on chemical war
    Fateme Nosrati 2017
  128. Acoparative study of structure and content of Bhar’s and Rashed Hossin’s Ballads
    Hadie Yaghooti rahim 2017
    چكيده ادبيات تطبيقي­ يكي از مهمترين دانش­هايي است­ كه ادبيات ملل مختلف را به هم پيوند مي­دهد. با وجود اختلاف زباني بين شاعران، گاه از لحاظ سبك و محتواي آثار اشتراكاتي باهم دارند. از آن­جايي­ كه شاعران منعكس كننده­ي وقايع زمان خود هستند، در انديشه و ساختار شعري اشتراكات زيادي با هم دارند. مكتب آمريكايي به بررسي شباهت­ها و تفاوت­هاي بين آثار ملل مختلف مي­پردازد؛ لذا در اين جستار نگارنده كوشيده است تا براساس همين مكتب و با تلاقي فكر و انديشه ي دو شاعر، وجوه اشتراكات و افتراقات محتوا و قصايد آن ها را مورد بحث و بررسي قرار دهد.    بررسي تطبيقي قصايد اين دو شاعر نشان از آن دارد كه مضامين مشترك سياسي و اجتماعي چون وطن، آزادي، مبارزه با بيگانگان واعتراض به برخي قوانين و مضامين ادبي چون مدح، وصف، رثا وعتاب وجود­دارد. و هر كدام تلاش كرده­اند، اين مضامين را در قالب قصيده و موسيقي متناسب با اين مفاهيم با زبان هنري بيان كنند. هرچند كه از لحاظ مضامين به كار رفته در قصايد دو شاعر اشتراكاتي وجود دارد ولي مضامين به كار رفته در قصايد بهار گستره­ي وسيعي را به خود اختصاص داده است و كمتر موضوع اجتماعي، سياسي و فرهنگي وجود دارد كه بهار به آن نپرداخته باشد؛ حال آن­كه حجم بالاي مضامين   به كار رفته در قصايد راشد حسين مربوط به انديشه­هاي مقاومتي است و تنوع مضامين در قصايد وي حجم كمتري دارد. از لحاظ ساختار، شعر بهار به دليل كاربرد تشبيهات و استعارات متنوع، هنري­تر از قصايد راشد حسين است. حجم بالاي بهره­گيري بهار از انواع موسيقي در قصايدش، شعر اورا موسيقيايي­تر كرده است و در حيطه­ي صنايع بديعي غني­تر از قصايد راشد حسين مي­باشد. كليد واژه ها: بررسي تطبيقي، قصايد، ملك الشعراي بهار، راشد حسين.
  129. poetic irmage in Diwan of.Mustafa Jamal aI-Din (Descriptive study)
    QUSAY ZAKI ABDULAMEER 2017
  130. The study of Role of myth in tales of Guran Derived from Soorabadi's interpretation
    Monir Khodayarimotlagh 2017
      Myth includes fantasy and legendary stories about the sacred and religious beliefs of the primitive societies. Beliefs about the human relationship with the natural and real world events. Myths exist among the people of each land and nation and their subject are extraordinary events including the deeds of Gods and superhuman forces. The time of mythical is not the historical time but the time of the trans sanctification that is repeated from the beginning to the eternity.The interpretation of myths and the explanation of the function and the use of myths in the study of religious texts is important and necessary. The commentators of the Quran, in the interpretation of the Quranic stories, myths and legends Israeli elements were involved. Book stories drawn from the interpretation of the Surabadi Holy Quran are among those books that many mythologies are reflected from. So identifying and explaining how reflection, transformation and rendition icons myths in the book of Surabadi s Quranic stories determine the dir=ltr>The method of the resaerch according to the content, analysis tool of the library resources of the research and study materials has been taking notes and conclusion sources The results and findings of this study show that among the seven categories of function of mythology in the stories of Surabadis Quran mythology function descriptions, verification and valuation, treatment, recovery, i  iration and discover and reveal are seen more than the other cases. Also Surabadi, using mythology and Israeli in the creation of the stories and the stories of the Quran diversity gives charm to persuade the readers to follow the story.  Keywords: function of myth, the myth of the role, The interpretation of Surabadi ,Surabadis Quranic stories , the Israelites, myth
  131. A Comparison between the Arabic Poems of Saadi Shirazi and His Persian Poems
    Mahin Hadady 2017
    چكيدهجايگاه والاي سعدي شاعر تواناي قرن هفتم در فرهنگ و ادب ايران و جهان بر هيچ­كس پوشيده نيست. اين شاعر برجسته در دو عرصة زبان فارسي و عربي استادي كم نظير بوده­است. چيرگي و تسلّط وي بر ادب عربي صرف نظر از توقف و سكونت وي در بلاد اسلامي- عربي، نشان از داد و ستد ادبي و پيوندهاي ريشه­دار زبان فارسي و عربي در روزگار شاعر دارد. از مهمترين مشخصّه­هاي زباني سعدي در اشعارش به كارگيري تركيبات فارسي در قالب عربي است و اين بيانگر علاقة وافر شاعر به زبان مادري خويش است.مقايسه اشعار عربي و فارسي سعدي با هم ويافتن تشابهات مضموني و تصويري(از منظر تشبيه و استعاره) يافتة اساسي اين پايان­نامه است. به عبارتي محورهاي اصلي اين پژوهش كه در حوزة ادبيات تطبيقي (مكتب فرانسه) نگاشته شده­است، عبارتند از: الف: مقايسة اشعار عربي سعدي با اشعار فارسي وي از نظر مضامين مشترك و ذكر شواهد شعري. ب: مقايسه اشعار عربي با اشعار فارسي وي از نظر تصاوير مشترك(شامل تشبيه و استعاره) و ذكر شواهد شعري.واژگان كليدي: اشعار عربي و فارسي سعدي، مضامين مشترك، تشبيه و استعاره  
  132. the study of the narrative structure of plot in tales of the book hezar hekayate sufian
    Maryam Shah hossenin 2017
  133. The political discourse of Hassn Nasrallah (pragmatic study)
    AHMED ATTA SHANTA 2017
  134. Rhetorical Manifestation of Didactive Instruction in Folk Stories
    ASMA ROSTAMI JALILIAN 2016
  135. Ayvshvrl View on the Introduction and Analysis of Comparative Literature
    Mehdi Ebrahimi 2016
  136. Psychology of color in the poems of Mohammad Reza Shafii Kadkani
    Samira Khanjani 2016
  137. literaly use of astronomical terms in sabahi bidgoli`s poetry
    Amir Bahrami 2016
  138. comparative study of Bizhan and Manizeh story of Ferdowsi with that of Veis o RaminAsad Gorgani
    Sohrab Haghighi 2016
  139. the analysis of plot structure in Homay and Homayoon : a Claud Bremondian study
    Zainab Karami pour 2016
  140. Comprative literature in the view of sociological criticism analysis of short stories Dream by naguib mahfouz
    Kolsoom Mortezaie 2016
  141. Concepts and elements stability literature in national anthem(Middle East and latin America)
    Khadejeh Chehri 2016
  142. Contented Investigation and Analyzing the symbols story Salaman and Absal jami.
    KOBRA KARAMI GANDOMBANI 2015
  143. clothing in theosephical literature upon chief contexts of araghi
    Sahar naz Eftekhari far 2015
  144. تاثير امثال واشعار عربي در شاهنامه فردوسي
    2015
  145. the study of manifestaion of princples and marginalreligius in saebs lyrics
    2015
  146. Aesthetics in Imam Khomeini divan poetry
    SEYED HEDAYAT MOSAVI 2015
  147. research in hero jornney archetyp of persian folk tales
    Sahar Yosefi 2015
  148. study of iranian -islamic principles in ghabbosnameh
    Parastoo Khagavi 2015
  149. تاثير فرهنگ و ادب عربي بر قصايد سعدي
    2015
  150. Analyticing and verses Arabi description of sandbad nameh of Zahiri samarghandi.
    MOHAMMAD HASAN ASADI 2015
  151. a caparaTIVE STUDY OF THE FUNCTION OF COLOUR IN THE SONNATES OF SANAI,attar and molavi
    2015
  152. A comparative study of Rahi Mo'ayyeri and Ismail Sabri's poetic thems and structure.
    2015
  153. نقد و بررسي ديدگاههاي محمد عبدالسلام كفافي در ادبيات تطبيقي.
    2015
  154. symbology in poem of great holy defense poets of kermanshah,case study mohammad javad mohabat,ahmad azizi, parto kermanshahi and yadollah behzad
    2015
  155. Deviation In Sanaei,s Mathnavies
    Samira Samimifar 2014
  156. the reflection of chogan in the persian poem and literature with respect to the khorasani style
    2014
  157. survey the evolution of concept hope and dissepiment in fereydoun moshiri and fereydoun tavalloli`s poem
    2014
  158. تاثير پذيري كتاب انيس الناس از فرهنگ وادب عربي وبازشناسي منابع آن
    2014
  159. A comparative study of Rostam fiction in ferdowsi`s shahname and almas khan kandowle`es shahnameh
    Faramin Saedi 2014
  160. the influence of saadi sonnet`s on hossein pejman bakhtiari
    2014
  161. imagination and conceptualization with geographic names in sonnets of contemporary iranian poets(ebtehaj,behbahani,monzavi,and bahmani)
    2014
     طزبلز
  162. the probe mythical face of Zal in ferdowsi`s shahname
    2014
  163. The Comparison Of Addressing Letter Narrative With ”Ferdowsi's Shahname” Narrative
    Kamran Arzhangi 2014
  164. تحليل تطبيقي،ساختاري وروايي خورشيد وخرامان الماس خان كندوله اي كرمانشاهي با هماي وهمايون خواجوي كرماني
    2014
  165. The Description of grammatical structure of Marzban-nameh
    2014
  166. بررسي سبك زباني شاهنامه فردوسي
    Zeinab Shahsavari 2014
  167. The Psychological Analysis of a great Personalities in the Heroic chepter of Shahnameh
    LEILA PANAHIE 2013
  168. A study of content music of Imajery in Sepide Kashanis Poetry
    ALI ASGHAR SOLTANPOUR 2013
  169. the evolution of Classic symbols in the poetry of the temporary poets(SHamloo,Froque Farokzad,Nima Youshij and Shafie Kadkani)
    Behrooz Shervani 2013
  170. The Reflection of the Figurative Language on the Spirit of Sacrifice and Martyrdom in the Poetry of the Hole War
    2013
  171. The important of the Economic issues in Ferdoesis Shahnameh
    Hajar Amiri 2013
  172. Imagination and conceptualization by love storys enlements in the poetry of the Indian style poets(Characters,Location,Time and story enlements Else)
    Karim Saydi 2013
  173. The analysis of Arash Kamangair myth metamorohosises and its relation with historical texts and shahname
    Khalil Kahrizi 2013

Update: 2026-06-03