Mohsen Zahedi

كلمات كليدي: تثبيت خاك‌هاي رسي، سيمان پرتلند، الياف تركيبي، الياف پلي‌استر، الياف پلي‌پروپيلن، واكنش‌هاي هيدراتاسيون، دوام در محيط نمكي، ساختار اليافي تركيبي.

   The present study, in order to improve the geotechnical behavior of clay soils of kaolinite, bentonite and sand/clay mixture (80% standard sand, 20% local clay), which are always known as problematic soils in civil and road construction projects due to their high swelling potential, high shrinkage and low shear strength, three types of stabilizers including lime, xanthan gum and sodium alginate (biopolymer) were used to improve quality, increase mechanical properties, increase shear strength and effective improvement parameters. The samples were made in different percentages of stabilizers, lime (2.5 to 7.5%), biopolymers (0.5 to 2%) and evaluated in 7 and 28-day curing periods. Laboratory tests including grading, determination of Atterberg limits, modified compaction test, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) were performed. The findings showed that the addition of lime initiates short-term and long-term pozzolanic reactions, which in the short term increase the pH and ion exchange, in the long term cause the release of Si and Al ions from the clay plates and ultimately the formation of CSH and CAH cementitious materials. The mechanism of action of biopolymers is completely different from the chemical reactions of lime and cause strong gelation between soil particles. The compressive strength results showed that lime had the best performance for all three soils used in the range of 5 to 7.5%. Xanthan gum biopolymer had the best compressive strength for kaolinite soil at 2%, in bentonite and in sand/clay at 1%. Sodium alginate biopolymer had the best performance and resistance for both kaolinite and bentonite soils at 0.5%, but in sandy clay soil, sodium alginate did not have a positive effect and was accompanied by a decrease in soil basic resistance. In general, lime provided the most long-term improvement, while biopolymers provided short-term improvement and performed best at 0.5%, 1% and 2% due to lower consumption and environmental compatibility. Keywords: Soil stabilization, lime, kaolinite, biopolymer, pozzolanic reactions, bentonite, xanthan gum.

In this study, a simultaneous combination of three stabilizers—lime, silica fume (micro-silica) and a biopolymer—was employed to improve the geotechnical behaviour of swell-prone clay soils of bentonitic origin. This innovative combination was designed to achieve desirable mechanical properties, chemical stability in aggressive environments, swelling reduction and enhanced long-term durability of the specimens. Specimens were prepared with different stabilizer contents (2.5–15%), various lime–silica fume ratios, and incremental biopolymer dosages, and were evaluated after 7-day and 28-day curing periods.Laboratory tests comprised determination of Atterberg limits, modified compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), free-swelling evaluation, durability tests in acidic, alkaline, saline and sulphate environments under wet–dry cycles, and microstructural analyses using XRD and SEM. The results indicated that lime addition initiated pozzolanic reactions, promoted release of Si and Al from the clay structure, and ultimately led to formation of cementitious phases such as C–S–H and C–A–H. The combination of lime and silica fume accelerated reactivity and produced additional C–S–H gels that played a key role in strengthening interparticle bonds. The biopolymer acted as a complementary agent by forming surface coatings on soil particles, thereby contributing to increased structural cohesion and volumetric stability.UCS results showed that mixtures containing 7.5% and 10% total stabilizer with a 60% lime : 40% silica fume ratio, or 50% : 50% (lime : silica fume), combined with 0.5% and 1% biopolymer, delivered the largest improvements in mechanical parameters and durability. Specimens stabilized with these 10% lime-based mixtures also exhibited acceptable durability in aggressive environments, whereas untreated soils experienced severe loss of strength and structural degradation. Replacing the biopolymer with zeolite in durability tests provided effective protection against ingress of deleterious ions.In conclusion, development of gel-like products from pozzolanic reactions, texture refinement, reduction of particle dispersion, and enhancement of structural integrity were the principal factors of improvement identified in this research. The proposed combined-stabilizer approach not only increased soil strength and durability but also enabled reduction in lime consumption and improvement of environmental sustainability.  

   Stabilization of clayey soils has long been one of the main challenges in geotechnical engineering, especially in areas where soils with expansive behavior or low resistance to repeated loading are observed. Kaolinite soil, as one of the important types of clayey soils, requires modification and improvement in order to be used in infrastructure projects due to its plate-like structure, high surface area to volume ratio, and limited reactivity. In recent years, in order to increase the durability, stability, and mechanical strength of soils, the use of mineral and chemical additives with pozzolanic properties and alkaline activators has been considered as a sustainable and effective approach. In this study, a combination of Portland cement, microsilica, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, and sodium silicate (Na?SiO?) were used as the main stabilizers to improve the engineering behavior of kaolinite soil. The simultaneous combination of pozzolanic and alkaline materials leads to the formation of secondary reactive gels such as C-S-H, C-A-S-H and N-A-S-H in the soil structure, which play an important role in increasing the compressive strength, tensile strength and long-term stability. On the other hand, the use of alkaline solutions with different concentrations allows the investigation of the effect of geopolymer reactions and the kinetics of the formation of hydration products. Next, in order to evaluate the performance of the stabilizers, tests including unconfined compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, wet and dry cycle tests, and SEM and XRD microscopic analyses were carried out. The main goal is to achieve an optimal combination of stabilizing materials for effective improvement of kaolinite and provide a sustainable solution in stabilizing problematic soils for geotechnical applications, especially under variable environmental loading conditions. The results showed that using up to 12% stabilizer and replacing 50-65% of cement with microsilica and solutions of sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 8 M and sodium silicate with a concentration of 1% provide the highest resistance.

  dar jameh kononi ranandegi baraye kar, zandegi ejtemaei, tafarih, tahsil, faalitenpehei egtesadi ve sayer jonbacpanteoja manpam est. ema tasadef vasail naghliyeh motori yeki az moteghirehaye mokharb, maloolit ve morg mohsub mi shod. bar asas motaleat enjam shodeh, chehar amel esli mosar dar vaghu havades ranandegi vojud dard keh shamel moteghirehaye ensani, jadeh, vasileh naghliyeh ve mohit mi bashod. tahlil tasadef jadegyi dar iran neshan midehad keh moteomtarin amel dar vaghu tasadefat ranandegi dar iran, amel ensani est. benabrain, yeki az moteghirehaye ravaneshenakhti mw?sar dar khatrat ranandegi, masoulitpaziri ranandegan est. npamchenin nezameh bavarehya ra mitavan yeki az moteghirehaye moteomi danst keh ertabat mosteghimi ba no raftar ranandegi dard. benabrain, tamrakz in pajoosh bar farayand masoulit paziri bar asas nezam etegadi dar bin ranandegan est. zira zehor khatrat ranandegi bah delil afzayesh raftarehaye ghiraadi ro bah afzayesh est. motaleh hazar bah rosh tosifi npambastegi bud. azmodninpehei pajoosh 3?0? nafar az ranandegan shehar ravansar bodand keh ba rosh nemonehgiri dar dasteres entekhab shodand. shiveh tajziyeh vatahlil dadegeya dar do bakhsh tosif dadegeya ve estanbat dadegeya bud. netaij neshan dad masoulitpaziri ve nezam bavarehya bar kanpash tasadefat ranandegi mosar est. dar tabiyn netaij bah dast amodeh bayad goft keh sistam masoulit paziri ve bavar naqsh mahvari dar kanpash tasadefat jadegyi dard. ba dark tasir in avamel mitavan esteratzhinpehei mw?sari baraye ertaghaye imni jadegeya ijad kard.

In this thesis, the upsetting process of bimetallic sheets has been analyzed by the force balance method and simulated by the finite element method. The upper and lower dies are cylindrical and have equal radii. The width of the sheets is large compared to their thickness, and therefore it is assumed that the process is carried out in a plane strain state. The bimetallic sheet is composed of a combination of two sheets of different materials, copper and aluminum. Copper due to its high electrical and thermal conductivity and aluminum due to its lightness and corrosion resistance, provide an attractive combination for industrial applications. In this process, as in other metal forming processes, predicting the geometry of the deformation zone and the forming force is important. To analyze the process by the force balance method, a free diagram of a slice of the sheets in the deformation zone is drawn and by writing the equilibrium and yield equations, the forming force in each press stroke is calculated. The analyses performed include examining the deformed dimensions of the sheets as well as the curve of the forming force changes in terms of the press stroke. In the next step, the upsetting process is simulated in the ABAQUS software environment. The material behavior of the two sheets is considered as rigid-plastic in the analysis and simulation. Also, the two sheets are completely bonded together at the beginning and this connection is maintained until the end of the process. The results of the force balance analysis, including the changes in the forming force in terms of the press stroke and the dimensions of the deformation zone, are compared with the simulation results. These comparisons show a good agreement between the results. Considering the unique properties of both metals, the results of this research can have wide applications in various industries such as automotive, aerospace and electronics. For example, in the automotive industry, the use of bimetallic compounds can lead to weight reduction and increased fuel efficiency.   

In this study, aimed at improving the mechanical and rheological properties of pure bitumen (60-70), silicon oil (SO), which has suitable properties, and rice husk ash (RHA), an environmentally friendly waste material from rice production, were used. Different samples were prepared by mixing 2% silicone oil and 6%, 12%, 18%, and 24% rice husk ash with PG 22-64 bitumen. To evaluate the performance of the modified samples, tests such as penetration, softening point, ductility, rotational viscosity (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) were conducted on both modified and control samples.The results indicate that, with a constant 2% of silicone oil, increasing the percentage of rice husk ash raised the softening point and viscosity at temperatures of 120°C, 135°C, and 160°C. However, it also decreased the penetration and ductility compared to pure bitumen. According to the DSR results at high temperatures (58°C, 64°C, 70°C, and 76°C), all modified samples exhibited higher rutting resistance compared to pure bitumen, with the samples containing 18% and 24% ash and 2% silicone oil showing the highest increase in rutting resistance. DSR results at medium temperatures (16°C, 19°C, and 22°C) demonstrated that the samples with 6%, 12%, and 18% ash and 2% silicone oil had good resistance to cracking. Based on the BBR results at -22°C, all modified samples, except the one with 24% ash and 2% silicone oil, performed within the acceptable range and yielded satisfactory results.Summarizing the findings, the sample containing 2% silicone oil and 18% rice husk ash demonstrated good performance across high, medium, and low temperatures and is recommended as the optimal sample.

   Insert text here. Fatigue cracking is one of the main problems of asphalt pavements that affects the durability of the pavement. Self-healing ability is one of the factors that can lead to asphalt resistance against fatigue cracks caused by traffic loading and ultimately increase the fatigue life of asphalt pavement. Every year, a large part of road maintenance and repair costs are spent on fixing the damages caused by these cracks. Therefore, researchers are looking for ways to recognize and increase the use of self-healing capabilities to increase pavement life and reduce road maintenance costs. This research examines the effects of styrene-butadiene-styrene (  ) and carbon fibers (CF) on asphalt self-healing ability through the three-point bending test, and the effect of    and carbon fiber on the microwave heating process. Also, in this research, the temperature of the surface and inside of the asphalt samples has been investigated.   In line with this research, four types of asphalt samples were made, including asphalt without additives, asphalt with    additives, asphalt with CF additives, and asphalt with both    and CF additives. In this research, in order to evaluate and compare the self-healing in different asphalt samples, the ratio of secondary resistance to primary resistance is defined as healing index (HI). The results showed that carbon fibers cause a more uniform distribution of temperature and increase the heating speed of asphalt, but it has reduced the primary and secondary resistance of asphalt to a great extent compared to asphalt without additives.    improved the strength performance of asphalt samples to a great extent, so that the average initial flexural strength of samples made with    is about 180% of the average initial flexural strength of samples made without additives. Also,    decreased the average temperature of the surface and inside of the asphalt samples and made the temperature distribution weaker. These two additives did not increase the asphalt healing index compared to the asphalt without additives.   

Accordingly, in this research, 4% waste motor oil and 20, 15, 10, 5% calcium lignosulfonate were added to the bitumen. Then, in order to check the performance of the asphalt mixture at low temperatures, the fracture toughness test (at three temperatures), the middle temperature of the modulus of elasticity test and high temperature, a dynamic creep test was performed on asphalt samples. The results showed that the use of 15 and 20 percent calcium lignosulfonate along with 4 percent waste engine oil has the best performance at low and medium temperatures, and considering the results of the creep test Dynamically (high temperature), the best percentage of calcium lignosulfonate use was 15%.  

      Abstract Risky driving behavior is an important cause of physical, psychological, and financial injuries and is a major threat to public health. The present study aims to investigate the effects of psychological-social-economic pressures on risky driving behavior with the mediating role of resilience. This was a cross sectional design study, in which 219 male drivers aged 18-60 years were recruited from Khorramabad using sampling technique. The Socioeconomic status (SES) Questionnaire, DASS 21, CD-RISC-10, and Road Traffic Behaviours Questionnaire, were used. The analyses were performed using IBM    version 27 and SmartPLS 4 software. The model fit indices were good, SRMR = 0.05 and NFI = 95. The results obtained from structural equation modeling show a significant effect of socioeconomic status on risky driving behaviors (?=-0.199; T=3.04; P<.004), psychological status on risky driving behaviors (?=0.791; T=11.81; P<.001), psychological status on resilience (?=-0.255; T=2.26; P=.024), resilience on risky driving behaviors (?=-0.114; T=2.14; P<.033), and the non-significance of the effect of socioeconomic status on resilience (?=0.068; T=0.601; P=539) in the framework of the conceptual model of the present study.The findings of this study showed that resilience is a critical mechanism for improving residents’ sense of public health safety in drivers in Iran. Some certain guidance measures are provided to reduce public anxiety and fear while driving. Keywords

   در اين پايان‌نامه، مدل تحليلي ارائه مي‌گردد كه ضربه سرعت پايين را روي ساندويچ پنل‌هاي كامپوزيتي مدور با رويه‌هاي تقويت شده با نانو لوله‌هاي كربني FG مدلسازي مي‌نمايد. در اين مدل تحليلي با مشخص بودن انرژي جنبشي اوليه ضربه زننده، نيروي تماسي در محل برخورد، ميزان تغيير شكل محل برخورد و برآوردي از ناحيه دچار عيب شده محاسبه مي‌گردد. ساندويچ پنل كامپوزيتي بصورت متقارن و مدور بوده و سطح ورق هاي كامپوزيتي آن از لايه‌هاي متقاطع تشكيل شده است. در اين مدل تحليلي، انرژي كششي غشايي شدن و نيز انرژي كرنش ايجاد خمش در رويه ها تعيين شده و هسته ساندويچ پنل بصورت هاني كمب و كاملاً پلاستيك در نظر گرفته شده است. همچنين، براي تعيين تاريخچه نيروي تماسي و تغيير شكل ساندويچ پنل از مدل جرم-فنر دو درجه آزادي استفاده شده است.معادلات حاكم بر مسئله با محاسبه انرژي پتانسيل، كار نيروي خارجي و انرژي جنبشي سيستم متشكل از ضربه زننده و ساندويچ پنل كامپوزيتي مدور در دستگاه مختصات قطبي استخراج گرديده و با استخراج معادلات حركت سيستم با مينيمم سازي انرژي سيستم معادلات حاكم بر مسئله حل مي‌گردد. براي حل معادلات حاكم بر مسئله از برنامه‌نويسي در نرم‌افزار متلب استفاده مي‌شود. در نهايت مدلسازي المان محدود از فرايند در نرم‌افزار آباكوس (ABAQUS) صورت مي‌گيرد و نتايج مدلسازي تحليلي با نتايج بدست آمده از شبيه سازي عددي با نرم‌افزار تحليلي آباكوس مقايسه مي‌گردد. مدل تحليلي ارائه شده در اين پايان نامه براي تحليل ضربه سرعت پايين بر روي ساندويچ پنل كامپوزيتي مدور با رويه‌هاي تقويت شده با نانو لوله‌هاي كربني FG با هسته هاني كمب از نوآوري‌هاي مطرح در اين پايان نامه است.

Currently, heavy machinery is used in the world to tra  ort and construct roads. To speed up the implementation of road construction, fabric concrete was investigated. One of the ways to speed up the implementation of asphalt is to use fabric concrete, which is easier to carry, higher transfer speed, and does not require a lot of time to gain strength, making fabric concrete more attractive than other methods and materials. In this research, using the software analysis method, it has been tried to investigate the effect of using fabric concrete on asphalt tensile strength and pavement strains. This research is expected to reduce the thickness of the asphalt layers, the base and sub-base and the use of fabric concrete, the cost and time of the projects will be reduced and it will also increase the tensile strength of the asphalt. On the other hand, this change will increase the pavement life and reduce Damages and settlement of the asphalt layer. Research methodology: In the current research, the analysis method is finite elements using ABAQUS software. Now we intend to reduce the thickness of the asphalt layer, base and sub-base by using fabric concrete reinforced with aramid fibers and adding it with asphalt. And increase the tensile strength of the asphalt pavement, which our modeling has been done using the available past articles and researches. In this research, we have made 8 pavement models, one without fabric concrete and four other models It is with fabric concrete with different thicknesses and three end models by reducing the thickness of the asphalt and removing one of the base and sub-base layers, and we compare the results and analyzes obtained from the Abaqus software with each other. Conclusion: According to the obtained results: with the addition of fabric concrete, the tensile strength of asphalt is increased and the thickness of the base and sub-base layers can be reduced, and the strains created in these layers experience a significant reduction. Reducing the strain and increasing the tensile strength of the layers has reduced the damage caused to the surface of the pavement and controls the settlement of the asphalt layer and has created roads with higher safety and less risk of accidents.   

In recent decades, we have seen a rapid increase in population growth. For this reason, the high combination of social and economic activities in large urban areas has led to the emergence of different services and tra  ortation methods. Urban traffic congestion has become a challenge for cities around the world. Excessive delays, slow travel speeds, increased travel costs, increased driver anxiety and frustration, high fuel consumption, and air pollution are just a few of the consequences of traffic congestion. Traffic demand fluctuates significantly throughout the day, especially during peak traffic hours, which is one of the main causes of traffic congestion. The reduction of travel time when considered overall and at the network level shows very important results. One of the main ones is economic issues. Reducing travel time is a win-win equation for the user and the provider. The users are the passengers and users of the tra  ortation network of the cities, and this will reduce their costs for tra  ortation. On the other hand, when the travel time of the entire network is reduced and the number of traffic jams per day is reduced, the need to spend large amounts of money on improving road infrastructure and tra  ortation services will be reduced, which is economical. The savings will be enormous. This research was done with the aim of determining the impact of using the routing program on reducing the travel time of the entire network. For this purpose, Aimsun software was used and a part of Kermanshah city was modeled in this software. The percentage of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 of the users who use the router program is defined and at the end the results for these five modes are compared. It has decreased by 25%.   

Road accidents are considered as one of the most influential road hazards that have a direct and significant relationship with economy, culture and politics in any society. Road accidents in suburban roads depend on various factors, and accident reports and analyzes show the occurrence of severe accidents in two-lane roads, which, in addition to the severity of accidents, the number of accidents in such roads has been on the rise due to the increase in traffic. It is that this issue has been more tangible in mountainous and border areas. Therefore, considering the importance of accidents, the use of innovative and intelligent methods in the analysis of accidents can be the missing link in planning and paying attention to it in the studies of road construction and social culture for the benefit of each region. In this research, for prediction and 0.1526 and Kappa = 0.9093 for periodic decision tree algorithm, which was respectively the lowest error and the highest value among other used algorithms  

  In recent decades, the discussion regarding human activities in protecting or destroying the environment and preventing the phenomenon of global warming has caused the attention of scientists to be drawn towards technologies that are in this direction. Semi-warm asphalt is a technology that reduces the use of fossil fuels and the production of greenhouse gases by reducing the mixing temperature. It is also possible to protect the environment and reduce its pollution by reusing the wastes of other industries and recycled materials, while saving costs, by reducing industrial waste. Many studies have been conducted in the world to prevent the premature failure of the pavement system caused by moisture. In these studies, different materials were used to improve the functional properties of asphalt, and these materials can be used as bitumen additives or aggregate additives. Sometimes even some of these materials are added directly to the mixture being produced.In this research, it is focused on improving asphalt properties. Nowadays, due to the increase in the amount of traffic and the number of axles, the use of additives in asphalt concrete has become common. An effective additive in increasing the bearing capacity and improving the tensile strength of asphalt mixtures is the use of fibers. Fibers mainly contribute to the reinforcement of asphalt mixtures.Asphalt mixtures use fibers. Fibers mainly contribute to the reinforcement of asphalt mixtures.The results obtained from the Marshall resistance test showed that the addition of 0.3% of carpet fibers and 0.9% of 5-component fibers has the best results among the research samples. Also, the Marshall resistance value obtained for 5-component fibers is much higher than carpet fibers. According to the results of humidity sensitivity test and TSR parameter, it can be said that carpet fibers improve humidity sensitivity up to 0.6%. 5-component fibers also increase humidity sensitivity up to 0.9. According to the tensile modulus test, the use of 5-component fibers significantly increases the tensile modulus. The carpet fiber also increases up to 0.6% and after that it takes a steady and uniform trend. The results of the dynamic creep test showed that the use of more than 0.3% of carpet fibers reduces the dynamic creep and mental number. For 5-component fibers, due to the dissolution of the    part in the mixture, we have seen the growth of the mental number up to 0.9% of the fibers. The results of the indirect tensile test in wet and dry states showed that the addition of 5-component fibers increases the tensile strength in wet and dry conditions. Also, the addition of carpet fibers in the dry state increases tensile strength in all investigated percentages, but the indirect tensile strength increases up to 0.6 percent of carpet fibers and decreases from 0.6 to 0.9.

  This research aimed to investigate the effect of graphene oxide on rheological properties of recycled vegetable oil-modified bitumen. Graphene oxide was added to pure bitumen PG 64-22 mixed with recycled vegetable oil in different concentrations of 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 1%. Then, the rheological properties of the mixtures, including viscosity parameters, softening point, penetration, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test, direct tension test, and flexural beam rheometer (BBR) test were examined using laboratory tests. The results of the tests showed that adding graphene oxide to recycled vegetable oil-modified bitumen had a positive effect on its rheological properties. Based on the results, it can be concluded that graphene oxide can be used as an effective additive in improving the rheological properties of recycled vegetable oil-modified bitumen. Therefore, improving the rheological properties of recycled vegetable oil-modified bitumen using graphene oxide is proposed as a sustainable and economical method for improving the performance and durability of road paving.

  The main factors in accidents include three factors: human, vehicle and road. In all accidents, there is error and disorder in one of the three mentioned factors. Human factors play a very important role in accidents and are the most important factors in accidents. Personality traits can affect risky driving behavior and people's perception of health and risk. The current research is correlational with regard to the purpose, application and method of execution, with the general goal of investigating and explaining the predictive role of neurotic personality traits. , excitement seeking and self-esteem were conducted with the mediation of emotion regulation in risky driving behavior in drivers of passenger vehicles in Kermanshah city. The statistical population of the present study included all the drivers of passenger vehicles in the city of Kermanshah, using Cochran's formula, 384 drivers were selected as the sample of the study using the available sampling method, and using Zuckerman's sensation seeking questionnaires (1978), Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (1965), Neo's 5 personality factor test, Manchester driving behavior questionnaire (1990) and Gross emotion regulation questionnaire were measured, and the relationships between research variables were also measured using the structural equation model test and    and amos software. was investigated and the following results were obtained: there is a positive and significant relationship between excitement seeking and risky driving behaviors, there is a positive and significant relationship between neuroticism and risky driving behaviors, there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and risky driving behaviors It doesn't exist, and the emotion regulation component had a significant mediating role between the variables. In general, people with higher neuroticism and excitement showed more risky driving behaviors, but the self-esteem component did not have much effect on risky driving behaviors in people.

  Long-ShortTerm Memory neural networks have high computational complexity, resulting inlong execution times. Hardwareimplementation is one of the proposed solutions to this challenge. However, thepower, delay, and area are serious challenges in the hardware design process. Asuitable solution would be to replace the approximate circuits with exactcircuits. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of long-shortterm memory networks using approximate computing units. However, because themultiplication operator is used extensively in the network structure, we turnedour attention to replacing the multipliers. For this purpose, we replaced allthe multipliers in the EvoApprox8b approximate library instead of the exactmultiplier in the network structure for forecasting stock market signals in thedatasets of Apple, Microsoft, and IBM companies, and we examined theperformance of the network. From the simulation results, it was found thatreplacing the approximate multiplier can cause a decrease of 205.8 µw in power,0.64 ns in delay, 236 µm2 in area, and 366.5 J in PDP, to predictthe close signal in the Apple stock market dataset. The substitution effect inpredicting the High signal in the Microsoft stock market dataset was in theform of a decrease of 170 µm2 in area, 38.8 µw in power and anincrease of 17.7 J in PDP, and the substitution effect in predicting the Lowsignal for IBM was in the form of a decrease of 47.1 µw in power, 432.646 J wasobserved in PDP and 87 µm2 in area. In the second part of study,with the help of the inherent hardware criteria of the approximate multipliers,we designed a predictive model to predict the suitability of the multiplier forreplacement in the network hardware structure. Therefore, a binaryclassification problem was defined. Next, using feature-selection algorithms,we determined the number of entries in the desired model. Our proposed model isa Linear Discriminant classifier, which can predict the performance of anapproximate multiplier from the EvoApprox8b library in the LSTM networkhardware structure using the Mean_AED, Correct, and Var_ED inherent errorcriteria with 99% accuracy.

  self-healing is related to the repair of cracks due to loading and it can be considered as a reversible fatigue phenomenon. Asphalt mix is ??a self-healing material and has the ability to automatically repair damage when exposed to rest periods. This phenomenon depends on various factors such as temperature, rest time, crack width and bitumen and asphalt properties. The rate of repair at ambient temperature, especially at low temperatures, is slow and the flow of traffic on the road can not be blocked to achieve sufficient repair. On the other hand, self-healing of asphalt concrete is significantly dependent on temperature and when the pavement is exposed to higher temperatures, the amount of repair also increases. Self-healing has been studied in two areas of rejuvenation and rapid heating Is. To investigate the effects of temperature on self-healing, we are looking for the best and most economical means and method for generating heat in the asphalt mixture. Among the heating methods, we can mention heating by electromagnetic waves and microwave. Microwaves raise the internal temperature of the asphalt in a short time, which helps in self-healing. There are several methods for evaluating the quality and quantity of self-healing, such as fatigue-based tests, rupture-based tests, and non-destructive tests. In this study, the behavior of graphite nitride carbon additives and polyaniline nanofibers on nanosilica-modified hot asphalt self-healing was investigated by three-point bending test. First, the flexural strength of the samples was obtained by a three-point bending device, then the samples were repaired by heating by a microwave device for 24 hours, then the degree of improvement was determined. In evaluating the self-healing process in the hot asphalt mixture modified with nanosilica, the analysis of the results showed that by adding nanosilica, the negative effect of zeolite on the self-healing asphalt used to produce hot asphalt is compensated and the self-healing rate of asphalt increases. On the other hand, two additives of graphite nitride carbon and polyanylene nanofibers have a positive effect on self-healing and even improve the self-healing of asphalt mixture up to 80%.

   In this study an experiment has been done for assessment of Mersad's park soil swelling and presenting a suitable method to settle it. According to the importance and profits of this project and external observations of the town's soil and reports related to crack, swelling during the absorption of humidity, soil shrinkage, created problems in access and substructural ways of this town we decided to recognize geotechnique specification of its soil by physical, mechanical, chemical and mineralogy experiments and quality predicting swelling methods (indirect such as chen,USBR and…)and standard method ASTM 04546 by A method with odometer machanism (direct method) to proceed swelling potential assessment, swelling pressure, settlement of soil. In this study in addition to the assessment of mentioned parameters, effects of humidity percent, special dry unit weight and disturbance of samples on swelling potential,swelling pressure and considering total settlements in samples have been a assessed. The following considering of different reclaim methods for this soil and propriety of lime and cement stabilization of these two matter in different pecents and their effect on quantitative parameters like; swelling potential, swelling pressure, settlement, atterberg limits and considering fabric of soil samples before and after the stabilization with electronic microscope(SEM) have been preceded. By using indirect methods, soil in death of 2 meters has the high and very high swelling intensity. Indirect assessment method, soil swelling intensity is affected by an initial humidity, dry unit weight and disturbance factor. By increasing initial humidity and decreasing dry unit weight the swelling potential and swelling pressure will decrease and so ever we have deduction of an initial humidity and accretion of dry unit weight in samples and soil get disturbanced we will have swelling potential intensity and swelling pressure. Disturbance in this soil causes double swelling potential stabilization with lime and cement was done on this soil (number 2 disturbanced sample,19% initial humidity,7.1gr/cm3 dry unit weight) with specifications Swelling potential and pressure potential respectively in number 2 disturbed sample have been 7/21 percent and 5/10kg/cm2 in which by adding 4 percent lime and 6 percent cement unit dry weight by 7 days maturing of swelling potential samples, swelling pressure and settlement about 98,98 and 95 percent.

   Abstract: An important part of traffic issues, including urban accidents, are related to the human factor and his driving culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of driving culture and attitude on the number (amount) of driving violations among Internet taxi drivers. This research was conducted with a sociological approach and to answer the research questions, the theoretical literature related to social action and behavior, especially the theory of logical action and planned behavior has been used. The present study is a quantitative study and was conducted by survey method in the period of 2019-20. The data collection technique was a researcher-made questionnaire that was tested for validity and reliability. The statistical population included SNAP drivers (approximately 10,000 people) in Sanandaj city and according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 373 people were estimated as a sample and selected by simple random sampling. Someof the questionnaires were distributed face to face, and others were distributed and collected electronically on Google Form. Finally, the data of 366 questionnaires were processed and analyzed in    software version 25. To analyze the data Univariate statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, enter method multivariate regression analysis and path analysis were used. The results showed that a weaker driving culture is associated with more traffic violations among SNAP drivers and vice versa. Also, a more positive driving attitude was associated with fewer driving offenses, and vice versa. In addition, the average number of driving offenses was higher for younger, single, and older drivers who had been licensed for less than a year. According to multivariate analysis, the variables of marital status, social responsibility, participation and role modeling have a significant relationship with driving violations and explain 25.5% of its changes. Also, social responsibility has been one of the most important and strongest variables affecting traffic violations. Finally, solutions to reduce driving violations based on elements of driving culture are presented. Keywords: Driving Violations, Driving Culture and Attitude, SNAP Drivers, Sociological Approach, Sanandaj.

به طور معمول يك قاضي بر اساس دانش، تجربه، شخصيت و احساسات خود قضاوت مي‌كند. با افزايش تعداد پرونده‌ها، بررسي اسناد و شواهد به صورت دقيق دشوار است و ممكن است قضاوت‌ها ذهني‌تر شوند. همچنين با افزايش حجم كاري، يك قاضي ممكن است بيش از حد تحت فشار قرار گرفته و نتواند يك قضاوت با كيفيت انجام دهد. پيش بيني حكم دادگاه توسط الگوريتم‌هاي هوش مصنوعي، علاوه بر قضات، مي‌تواند جهت استفاده كارشناسان حقوقي و نيز دادخواهان بسيار مفيد واقع شود. همچنين اين نوع پيش‌بيني مي‌تواند به عنوان يك خدمت مشاوره‌اي آنلاين به آحاد جامعه ارائه شود تا قبل از طرح دعوي در محاكم قضايي و تنظيم دادخواست يا شكواييه، نسبت به نتيجه احتمالي درخواست خود آگاهي يافته و چه بسا همين امر سبب كاهش چشمگير پرونده‌ها و نيز كاهش هزينه‌هاي سرسام‌آور گرفتن وكيل در برخي موارد براي قشر كمتر برخوردار گردد. اين نوع پيش‌بيني همچنين به وكلا و طرفين دعوي كمك مي‌كند كه قبل از رفتن به دادگاه اقدامات لازم را انجام دهند. از ديگر كاربردهاي اين پژوهش مي‌توان كمك به صدور دستور تشكيل دادگاه‌هاي تجديد نظر در صورت مغايرت راي دادگاه بدوي با حكم پيش‌بيني شده توسط مدل هوش مصنوعي اشاره كرد. با وجود آن‌كه متن‌كاوي و كاربردهاي آن به طور گسترده در حوزه‌هاي مختلف مورد استفاده قرار گرفته، اما تنها مطالعات معدودي متن‌كاوي را در زمينه‌هاي قضايي به كار گرفته‌اند. اين پايان‌نامه، اولين پژوهش مدون در حوزه متن‌كاوي اسناد قضايي فارسي مي‌باشد. در اين پايان‌نامه به پيش‌بيني حكم دادگاه در پرونده‌هاي مرتبط با خريد، نگهداري، مخفي كردن يا حمل مواد مخدر با استفاده از تكنيك‌هاي يادگيري ماشين و يادگيري عميق، با بررسي تاثير جنبه احساسات و هيجانات قاضي در شدت حكم صادره، در مجازات‌هاي شلاق، جريمه نقدي و حبس، پرداخته شده‌است. براي اين منظور ابتدا متون و اسناد 6000 پرونده قضايي را پيش‌پردازش نموده، سپس با استفاده از پيكره احساسات و هيجانات NRC، گرايش مثبت يا منفي و نوع هيجان موجود در پرونده‌ها را بررسي و نمره‌گذاري كرديم. در ادامه با روش‌هاي گوناگون يادگيري ماشين و يادگيري عميق، مدلسازي احساسات را انجام داديم كه از ميان روش‌هاي پياده‌سازي شده، روش TFIDF + SVM بيشترين دقت را كسب نمود. سپس به تجزيه و تحليل 8 نوع هيجان موجود در پرونده‌ها پرداخته و به صورت طبقه‌بندي چند برچسبه آن‌ها را مدل‌سازي نموديم كه به صورت ميانگين، الگوريتم TFIDF + SVM بيشترين دقت را داشت. در گام بعد، ميزان مجازات‌هاي در نظر گرفته شده در پرونده‌ها را در دو دسته مخففه و مشدده طبقه‌بندي نموده و به روش‌هاي يادگيري ماشين، يادگيري ماشين جمعي و يادگيري عميق، به مدلسازي آن‌ها اقدام نموديم كه در نهايت از ميان روش‌هاي بررسي شده، در مجازات شلاق روش TFIDF + Adaboost، در مجازات جريمه نقدي روش BERT و در مجازات زندان روش Skipgram + LSTM + CNN، بيشترين دقت را كسب نمودند. در نهايت به منظور تخصيص هر يك از برچسب‌هاي مجازات شلاق، جريمه نقدي و زندان، هر الگوريتمي كه بيشترين دقت را داشت انتخاب نموده و دقت آن را در شرايطي كه داده ما متون قضايي به علاوه نمره احساسات پرونده، متون قضايي به علاوه نمره هيجانات پرونده، متون قضايي به علاوه نمره احساسات و نمره هيجانات پرونده باشد را محاسبه نموديم. نتايج اين پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه استفاده از نمره احساسات و هيجانات، باعث افزايش دقت پيش‌بيني حكم دادگاه براي هر سه مجازات مورد بررسي(شلاق، جريمه نقدي، زندان) مي‌گردد. همچنين مجازات شلاق بيشترين تاثير و مجازات زندان كمترين تاثير را از احساسات و هيجانات مي‌گيرد. در ضمن در مجموع احساسات تأثير بيشتري نسبت به هيجانات در پيش‌بيني راي دادگاه دارند. كليدواژه‌ها: پيش‌بيني حكم دادگاه، متن‌كاوي، يادگيري ماشين، يادگيري عميق، تحليل احساسات، تحليل هيجانات   

   Bitumen as an adhesive in asphalt mixtures has many weaknesses in its structure, and although it forms a small amount of asphalt mixtures, it has a decisive effect on its properties. Weakness in the bitumen structure can accelerate the occurrence of various failures, including rutting in the passage of the wheels, asphalt bleeding and cracking. Thermal cracks are the main cause of pavement failure in cold regions, which leads to several problems, including reduced safety of road users and reduced service life of roads. Therefore, the need to modify the chemical properties of bitumen adhesives and the use of modifiers in these areas can be justified.FractureMechanics Quantitatively describe the failure process in a crack-containing specimen and its growth process, and generally examine the germination and crack growth in brittle materials. Research shows that the cause of these fractures is defects such as fine cracks, the presence of which causes structural failure at stresses less than the stresses designed for the material.Inthis study, the effect of two modifiers, GO and LDPE, on the fracture toughness of hot mix asphalt in mode II loading has been investigated by performing three-point bending test at temperatures of 0 and -10 ° C. Resistance and Marshall modulus experiments were performed on the optimal percentage of additives in the three-point bending test and the control sample, and the results of these two experiments were used for economic and environmental analysisBased on the obtained results, the use of GO and LDPE at both temperatures and for all percentages used, improves K??C   compared to the control sample. The economic analysis shows that LDPE is economical and GO is uneconomical. Reduction of emissions of environmental pollutants was also calculate for different stages of asphalt mixture production

Abstract    In recent years, a new technology has been developed as Warm Mix asphalt (WMA) in the pavement industry. The main purpose of producing this type of mixture is to reduce emissions and reduce energy consumption in line with the Tokyo Agreement. In addition, other benefits such as the possibility of implementing pavement in cold weather, improve efficiency, faster return of traffic, reduce harmful pollutants for workers and reduce the likelihood of aging due to lower production temperatures. Although these benefits have encouraged pavement managers to use this technology, the various behavioral aspects of this technology have not been well understood. One of these behavioral aspects is the potential for rutting in the long-term performance of pavements made with Warm Mix asphalt (WMA) technology. Although asphalt concrete mixes are made Warm, the initial cost of making asphalt is lower due to making asphalt at a lower temperature than hot asphalt. Due to the fact that the Warm asphalt mixture is produced at low temperatures, relatively weak adhesion is created between the aggregate and bitumen materials in the mixture, and this phenomenon increases the moisture sensitivity of the Warm asphalt mixture and the occurrence of nudity on the pavement surface. It is one of the materials that can optimally improve the moisture sensitivity of this type of asphalt mixture by an optimal amount of 0.1% by weight of bitumen, but the use of nano-zycotherm not only does not help the hardness of Warm asphalt mixture at high temperatures, but also reduces the hardness of the mixture. Asphalt is exposed to dynamic loads, thus increasing the potential for rutting and permanent deformation of the Warm asphalt mixture. One way to improve the performance of a Warm asphalt mixture containing nano-zycotherm against dynamic applied loads is to use additives. The present study evaluates and analyzes the laboratory results of the effect of LDPE-film light polyethylene powder (LDPE-200) on improving the rutting strength of Warm asphalt mixtures containing the optimal percentage of nano-zycotherm. For this purpose, bitumen performance tests (penetration degree, softening point, tensile Flexibility and testing of rotating thin layer of bitumen in that RTFOT) and Sharp tests (rotational viscosity test, DSR dynamic cutting rheometer test, aging test of bitumen samples in a PAV pressure chamber, BBR bending beam rheometer test) on modified bitumens containing different percentages Light ethylene and experiments (Marshall strength and fluidity and resilience modulus test) were used on Warm Mix asphalt samples containing different percentages of light polyethylene.The results showed that the application of light polyethylene improves the functional and rheological properties of pure bitumen and bitumen hardness And reduces the thermal sensitivity of bitumen at high temperatures and significantly increases the rutting strength of semi-hot asphalt mixtures containing the optimal percentage of nano-zycotherm at high temperatures under dynamic loads per 7% of polyethylene. In addition, the modulus of resistance of Warm Mix asphalt containing light polyethylene is much higher than that of semi-hot asphalt mixture without this addition, which indicates an increase in stability and durability of the modified asphalt mixture against dynamic loads.          Keywords: Warm Mix asphalt (WMA), Rutting, Lightweight polyethylene, Nano-zycotherm     

ABSTRACT Today, several factors including increasing bitumen prices, traffic congestion, climate change and premature failure have made asphalt modification inevitable. Weakness in the bitumen structure can cause damage such as rutting in the passage of the wheels, cracking and asphalt bleeding. These failures not only reduce the useful life of the pavement but also the safety of the road users. In cold regions, thermal cracks are common and various reasons have played a role in the formation and growth of these cracks, which bitumen can be considered the most important factor. In this study, in order to improve the properties of bitumen and strengthen it against cracking use GO by 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2% and LDPE by 1, 3, 5, 7%. The general purpose of this study is to investigation the fracture toughness of HMA modified by GO and LDPE. In order to conduct this research, three-point bending test was performed by SCB sample at two temperatures of 0 and -10 ? with mentioned percentages of additives and control sample. Then marshall test and resilience module were performed for the optimal percentage of additives according to the results of SCB test and control sample. According to the results of Marshall stability test and resilience modulus, the amount of thickness changes of modified mixtures with each additive was calculated and economic analysis was performed by difference between the price of bitumen and additives used. Environmental analysis of pollutants released in asphalt production, damage to crude oil resources and pollutants that endanger human health, was calculated according to the amount of materials saved.   

  In recent years, due to the expansion of cities, today urban tra  ortation has become important and at the same time has many special complexities and cities are facing increasing population density and activities. This increase has various adverse effects and consequences, including air pollution, noise pollution and environmental pollution. Kermanshah, the ninth most populous city in Iran and the second most populous city in the west of the country, is after Tabriz. One million people will pass. Given the volume of intercity travel in the city of Kermanshah, the need to provide and review efficient forecasting methods for tra  ortation and the number of intercity trips and other influential parameters for the future has become increasingly apparent. In a way, this improves the conditions, including employment and economic and social investments, and increases the quality of life. The purpose of this research is descriptive, mathematical and innovative analysis using artificial intelligence, mlp neural network. The purpose of this study is to present a model using artificial intelligence to study and distribute population and urban employment and its relationship with the number of intra-city trips in different areas in Kermanshah. In such a way that according to these changes, necessary and appropriate management actions and planning are done. In this study, the independent variables are demographic information, employees, vehicles and number of students, while the dependent variables are tra  ortation and number of trips produced. Each of these parameters was examined in Kermanshah and then compared to the conventional model of exponential growth rate. Been paid. Finally, mlp neural network has been used to analyze the data using significant variables. The results show the appropriate efficiency of the neural network in analyzing and predicting the number of future city trips compared to other conventional methods.

Abstract: Purpose: Traffic accidents are a problem resulting from advances in technology and industrialization of societies And it causes a lot of physical, financial and emotional damage. Worldwide traffic accidents kill more than 1.3 million people annually.   It also injured more than 50 million people. Driving accidents are one of the most important public health challenges And in Iran, traffic accidents are much higher than in other countries, especially developed countries. Researchers see four factors as human, vehicle, road, and environment as major causes of the accident And the most effective factor in causing accidents is the human factor. Accordingly, efforts are needed to improve the safety of travel and to reduce traffic accidents by applying traffic safety. Experts in the field of psychology are interested in identifying the psychological factors affecting accidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality traits (anxiety, stress, depression and aggression) on the number of crashes in truck drivers.   Research Methodology: The statistical population in this study is 3600 drivers in the Lorestan province cargo association. 347 samples were selected using Cochran formula and questionnaires were distributed by random sampling method. The research tool is a questionnaire consisting of four parts, the first part includes demographic questions, the second part of the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire, the third part of the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Questionnaire and the fourth part the Aggression Questionnaire. In this study, using multivariate regression to determine the predictive power of variables used in the study to predict the number of accidents, and Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations have also been used to confirm the research hypotheses and questions.   Findings and Conclusion: With increasing depression, anxiety, stress, anger and aggression, the number of risky driving behaviors increases. Regression results show that the independent variables of depression and anger have the highest ability to predict the dependent variable of number of accidents. Keyword: Traffic Safety, Traffic Accidents, Truck Drivers, Psychology, Structural Equations, Regression   

   Numerous studies have shown that residential neighborhoods have a significant impact on people's travel behavior. However, in recent years the issue of self-selection has been the focus of attention. Residential self-selection is one's desire to choose a place of residence based on preferences. If people choose to live in specific neighborhoods based on their travel preferences, they will probably use the travel modes stimulated by the new neighborhood. But the extent to which the impact of the environment and people's preferences is still unclear. If the choice of accommodation is based on other elements - not travel-related, it is possible that people will find housing mismatches that are long-term and if not preferred location causes residential dissonance. It is possible for people to change their attitudes based on their new residential environment and travel patterns. So far, it is still unclear how the attitude and choice of travel mode after resettlement occurs. Most research on residential self-selection has been conducted in Europe and the US, and the results are not generalizable to Asian countries, particularly those with moderate to poor public tra  ort system, this study examines the role of residential preferences and environment in choosing a residential location.For this purpose, a questionnaire of people's preferences and environmental impacts was used to select a place of residence for Kermanshah citizens. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the most important preferences were identified and a two player game, non-cooperative and static game was played between the transit transition policy and the users with four distinct strategies. The results showed that for Kermanshah residents, four tra  ortation optimization options, shifting to station, price-based accommodation and TOD accommodation are the most important preferences for accommodation. The policy maker also has four strategies for doing nothing, light work (optimizing the current situation), building a mass transit system and creating sustainable development tra  ort services (TOD). Nash equilibrium in this game showed that the optimization of commuting and the policy of not doing the job according to the current conditions of Kermanshah is a good option.   

بررسي تاثير ويژگي هاي تسهيلات خياباني بر شاخص هاي ايمني در مناطق شهري ، مطالعه موردي : ايلام

  Abstract: Due to increased energy consumption and environmental protection, Warm Mix Asphalt is used to produce asphalt mixtures. By reducing the temperature in the production of WMA, in addition to reducing environmental pollution and saving energy, better conditions in the workplace for workers are provided in terms of lower temperatures and less toxic emissions. In this study, we tried to measure the performance of WMA performance against moisture susceptibility, which is one of the weaknesses of this technology. Also, resistance to fatigue cracks, which is one of the most important parameters of asphalt quality measurement, is measured by bituminous refining with the help of synthetic zeolite and Nano Clay. In this study, Marshall samples were made by modified bitumen. For moisture susceptibility test by modified Lathnem method. Then, based on the acceptable percentages of the results of the moisture susceptibility test, fatigue tests were performed to evaluate the fatigue performance of asphalt mixtures. The best performance of the moisture susceptibility of the asphalt mixtures tested in this study is related to a mixture containing 5% zeolite and 7% Nano Clay by %87 of TSR which had a high increase compared to samples with no Nano Clay. Repetitive loading beam tests are the most common method for evaluating fatigue behavior of asphalt mixtures. The maximum tensile stresses and the number of loading cycles with controlled stress in the stress ratios equal to 0.2 and 0.5 of maximum tensile stresses for asphalt mixtures without additive and with different additive percentages were measured by Four-point fatigue test. Fatigue test results showed that the addition Nano Clay increases the fatigue of asphalt mixtures. The results show that the addition of Nano Clay to (3%) increases the fatigue of asphalti mixtures in all stresses ratio of the test. Keyword: Warm Mix Asphalt, Moisture Susceptibility, Fatigue, Synethic Zeolite, Nano Fe2O3.

  Due to increased energy consumption and

  Epoxy vegetable oils have attracted much attention in recent years. On the other hand, the use of a waste material as a substrate of enzymatic epoxidation reaction and a source of fatty acids is a green and affordable technology. But disadvantages such as low biocatalyst stability and problems of its separation from the reaction led to the use of enzyme immobilization techniques. Among the various types of materials base, iron magnetic nanoparticles are considered due to the fast separation via magnetic decantation, dispersion and high specific surface area.In this work, lipase from Candida rugosa was bound with the multi-covalent bonds attachment to the amino-functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles by glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent. The protein assay showed the enzyme binding ef?ciency was 77.65% in the immobilization process. The catalytic activity of the immobilized lipase was compared with the free lipase in enzymatic epoxidation of free fatty acids. The results showed the immobilized enzyme had better stability than the free system during of the reaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, as an inactivator substrate, especially at extreme conditions of temperature and pH. The statistical study on effects of temperature and pH by response surface methodology specified that the highest epoxidation activity for the immobilized system was observed at temperature 52.2 °C and pH of 6.7. At the optimum condition, the immobilized lipase showed a good reusability, where 100% and 80.97% of origin catalytic epoxidation activity was respectively maintained after sixth and tenth cycle. Also, the storage stability of the immobilized lipase was investigated in room temperate and 4 °C. The experiments revealed the immobilized lipase had an excellent long-term storage stability after 152 and 203 days at 4 °C after being bound on to magnetic nanoparticles. The FTIR analysis was used to ensure the binding of lipase to Fe3O4 M   and the epoxy product quality was analyzed using HNMR.

  AbstractBitumen and asphalt self-healing is present as an intrinsic property in bitumen and asphalt, and asphalt and bituminous asphalt researchers seek to recognize, expand, and ultimately make practical use of this feature. Self-resiliency is different from thixotropy, and unlike thixotropy, it is related to the repair of crack cracks caused by the loading and it can be considered as a reversible fatigue phenomenon. Self-resurfacing depends on factors such as temperature, rest time, crack width and features of bitumen and asphalt, and is activated by temperature rises, so scientists are looking for the best and most economical way to create heat in asphalt, from The suggestion of these innovative methods can be found in the method of heating through electromagnetic waves and the heating method through microwave waves. Researchers have used various methods to assess the quality and quantity of self-defense, most notably fatigue-based tests, rupture tests, and non-destructive tests.In this dissertation, the ability to repair three types of modified asphalt with additives with a non-additive asphalt type (for comparison) was investigated through rupture-based experiments (three-point bending test), for which the semi-cylindrical samples The Marshall was repaired by a three-point bending device and then warmed up by microwave irradiation and after a 24-hour period. After repair, the samples were restored by three-point bending test to determine the degree of repair. On the other hand, the temperature created on the surface and in the asphalt samples was investigated and according to the results of the experiments, the asphalt made with two The additive of nanosecotherm and Fortah fibers has the highest initial resistance and secondary resistance to the other three types of asphalt, and the uniformity of temperature in this type of asphalt was more evident than other asphalt.

  AbstractIn the last three decades the use of geosynthetic materials for retaining walls and reinforcing slopes has increased significantly throughout the world. These materials have a very wide range of geotechnical engineering works due to their properties including corrosion and rust resistance, durability, flexibility and so on. The use of geosynthetics increases the resisting forces in the soil mass through tensile forces mobilized in these elements. As a result, there is a reduction in horizontal deformations and an increase in the general stability of soil structures. Geogrid is a member of the geosynthetic family, which is widely used for reinforcing due to the high rigidity and tensile strength and more interactions with soil particles. In the recent decades, several experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations on soil reinforced by different types of materials. Recently A new type of geosynthetics called grid-anchor has been introduced to increase the load capacity of soil soils. Grid-anchor is made by changing the structure of the typical and adding polymeric anchors to it. Grid-anchor has great pullout strength than the common geogrid when it deals with the sandy soil. The basic difference between common geogrids and grid-anchor is existence of short anchors attached to the geogrid on one side which provides great pullout strength for grid-anchor that This can improve the performance of most of the structures that are reinforced with it. In this research, A series of model tests has been carried out to evaluate the effect of using grid-anchor on performance of soil reinforced retaining walls to evaluate the effects of offset distance of a strip footing on lateral displacements of the wall facing and bearing capacity of strip footing. The results of this study showing that by using of Greid Anchor to reinforcing retaining wall can be increase bearing capacity 5.6 time more than unreinforced condition and 1.5 time more than increase toward arming with Geogrid. Furthermor, The Greid Anchor can reduce the side walls displacement of the wall by 65% compared to unreinforced condition and 16% relative than the reinforcing position with the Geogrid. Also, the highest BCR(Bearing capacity ratio) in the distance b= 0.1H and the lowest amount WDR( wall displacement ratio) in the distance b= 0.4H toward by the edge of the wall.

راه‌ها به منظور دسترسي يا حمل ونقل احداث مي‌گردند. نظر به اين كه شرايط محيطي همچون كوه، تپه، دره، تقاطع، تغيير مسير به نقاط موردنظر و ... در راه اعمال مي‌شود، بنابراين راه ديگر نمي‌تواند فقط يك مسير مستقيم باشد، بلكه به شكل‌هاي هندسي متفاوتي درمي‌آيد. به همين دليل است كه نياز به يك طرح هندسي مطلوب احساس مي‌شود. امروزه افزايش ايمني راه ها به يكي از معضلات مهم كشورهاي در حال توسعه در بخش حمل و نقل و اقتصاد تبديل شده است و از اين رو در سال هاي اخير تحقيقات قابل توجهي در سراسر دنيا براي درك ارتباط بين تعداد تصادفات، حجم ترافيك عبوري، مشخصات هندسي مسير و عوامل محيطي در قالب مدل هاي پيش بيني تعداد تصادفات انجام پذيرفته است. اين مدل ها ابزاري قوي در تحليل تصادفات محسوب مي‌گردند كه در شناسايي و تحليل نقاط حادثه خيز در جاده هاي برون شهري به كار گرفته مي شوند. استفاده از مدل هاي پيش بيني كه بر اساس روش هاي دقيق آماري و اطلاعات راه ها و تصادفات بدست مي‌آيند، نه تنها در ارزيابي اصلاحات هندسي و مديريتي راه موثر واقع مي شوند بلكه شناسايي نقاط حادثه خيز را آسان و قابل بررسي مي نمايد. كمربندي شهرستان ايلام همه ساله مسيري اصلي براي تردد زائران حسيني به سمت مرز مهران واقع شده كه بر اهميت مطالعات بر روي مسير كمربندي شرقي مي افزايد. در اين تحقيق تلاش شده است با استفاده از بانك اطلاعاتي شهرستان ايلام، داده‌ها جمع آوري و مدلي ارائه شود، تا ميزان تاثير پارامتر هاي موثر طرح هندسي و همچنين كاربري هاي اطراف مسير بر ايمني جاده هاي برون شهري بررسي شود. در كنار جاده ها زمين‌هايي كه وجود دارند با كاربري‌هاي متفاوت مي‌باشند كه تأثير آن بر ايمني بررسي خواهد شد. در اطراف جاده ها مي‌تواند مكان هاي متفاوت با كاربري‌هاي مختلف وجود داشته باشد كه باعث تعامل و رفت و آمد مراجعان مي شود. اين رفت و آمد مراجعين سبب بروز عواملي چون ترافيك شده كه با توجه به راه طراحي شده و ويژگي هاي طرح هندسي راه مي‌تواند سبب ايمن بودن طرح يا بروز تصادفات رانندگي شود كه بايد براي مسيرهاي خطرناك يا پرتردد تعابير مهندسي لازم را در نظر داشت. بدين منظور متغيرهاي تاثير گذار و وابسته كه ايمني جاده مي باشد جهت پردازش آناليزهاي لازم انتخاب خواهد شد و بررسي هاي لازم و شرح ارتباط ميان ايمني جاده يا متغير وابست? تحقيق حاضر با ويژگي هاي طرح هندسي راه و كاربري هاي زمين هاي اطراف جاده صورت مي‌پذيرد سپس در ادام? بررسي حاضر به ارائه مدلي با بسط موارد ايمني راه، كاربري اطراف جاده و طرح هندسي پرداخته خواهد شد بطوريكه بصورت موازن? سه پارامتر را دربرگيرد. سپس بر اساس آمارگيري و برداشت‌هاي ميداني در محورهاي كمربندي شرقي ايلام و تكميل اطلاعات لازم، مدل كاليبره و ارائه خواهد شد.  

  Abstract:  It is obvious that there is a strong relationship between tra  ortation and land use،   each notable change in tra  ortation system has influence in pattern of urbanization،   although changes in land use have direct effects on travel pattern،   y increasing tra  ortation infrastructure the accessibility levels of different places will change and it can caused the changes in land use pattern. Changes in land use pattern make new activity and demand،   also it will then effect on tra  ortation planning and this recursive cycle will continuous this relationship indicated land use and tra  ort cycle،   we can investigate this relation with some variables for example geographical characteristics and location of the activity،   demographic and economic characteristics،   characteristics of urban demand mobility. This research is looking for Investigation of the relationship between urban density indices and vehicles kilometers travel and travel modes with recursive neural networks model. In this research the urban density indices and vehicles kilometers used as the independent variable and travel modes as the dependent variable. Four travels mode between seven cities surveyed considered that include passenger car، commercial vehicles، rail، bus. The overall objective of this research is investigation of the relationship between urban density indices and vehicles kilometers travel and travel modes. In this study the information contained seven major cities in Australia during certain times، the cities were Sydney، Melbourne، Brisbane، Adelaide، Perth، Hobart، Darwin. This research method is the use of sample. Some of the results have shown that the vehicle kilometer travel and travel modes had a strong relation which by using recursive model we are able to predict values according different policies.

  Speed is one of the main causes of taking place of driving crashes and the increase of their severity and also the cause of more than thirty percent of traffic fatalities .Researches have shown that drivers choose their speed based on road geometry and environmental conditions and the design speed is not more than the speed chosen by a group of drivers. So it can be said, predicting the safety level of the highway, depends on the operating speed rather than design speed. In this study, the effect of the geometry features, Environmental conditions and speed limits on the operating speed in tangents and horizontal curves of suburban four-lane roads regarding the free-flow conditions was examined. Three four-lane suburban tracks in Lorestan province were considered as the physical range of this study and the vehicle speed in 201 pieces was recorded and their data were collected. statistical analysis showed that eighty five-percent speed in the former horizontal curve,   longitudinal slope of the road, side markings and speed limitations are factors affecting the operating speed in the tangents and eighty five-percent speed in the former tangent, horizontal curve radius, longitudinal slope of the road and speed limitations are factors affecting   the operating speed in the horizontal curve. The results indicate that only in 95 and 110 km/h speed limitations vehicle drivers in tangents and horizontal curves follow the law and in other speed limitations the operating speed differences reach up to 2 times more than the defined speed limitation. Another finding of this study is that vehicle drivers in the tangents got affected only by three post speed limits out of 8 and the rate of effectiveness for the 60 km/h speed limitation is equal to 6/373 and for 50km/h is 6/581 and for 40km/h is 8/831 respectively.   And also, vehicle drivers in the horizontal curves got affected only by two post speed limits out of 8 and the rate of effectiveness for the 60 km/h speed limitation is equal to 5/466and for 50km/h is 3/980 respectively.

  Nowadays,it has been proven that improvement of   pavement surface texture charactristics and surface drainage condition is an important matter in safety improvement and decreasing of accidents rate specially in wet weather condition. Researches on the relationship between pavement surface charactristics and accidents rate date back to the 1960s, but there is no research done in the field of surface drainage.     This research has proposed a system that has the ability to simulate the saturated situation and assessing of pavement surface drainage with a high speed and precision.To do so, an innovative device is presented to simulate the saturation condition of pavement surface and acquire photo from drainage process of pavement surface after saturation.The proposed system is based on image processing methods.     The preprocessing and enhancement of images was performed using image processing techniques.Then the Morphological features of the images were extracted and the rate of surface drainage progress was evaluated by three indices extracted from the images. Finally, pavements were ltr">The results of the pavement surface drainage system as the first system in this field can be used in safety assessment systems in both project and network level to enhance road safety specially in wet weather condition.  

    تصادفات به عنوان عامل تهديد براي سيستم حمل­و­  hy;نقل داراي ابعاد گسترده سياسي، اجتماعي، اقتصادي مي­باشد كه در كشور­هاي در حال توسعه به شكل روزافزون در حال افزايش است. ايران نيز به عنوان كشوري در حال توسعه از اين خطر بي نصيب نمانده، اما در سال­هاي اخير با اقدامات پيشگيرانه، آمار تصادفات در حال كاهش بوده است. تحقيقات زيادي در زمينه پيش­بيني شدت تصادفات از جمله روش­هاي شبكه عصبي مصنوعي(ANN)، ماشين بردار پشتيبان(SVM) و درخت تصميم(DTs) انجام شده است، ضعف اصلي روش­هايي همانند شبكه عصبي مصنوعي و ماشين بردار پشتيبان قابليت تفسير پايين براي انسان و ضعف روشي مانند درخت تصميم پايين بودن ميزان دقت اين روش مي باشد. پژوهش حاضر سعي بر آن دارد تا با بررسي شدت تصادفات برون شهري به كمك رويكرد تركيبي خوشه بندي و دسته­بندي، به مقايسه­ي عملكرد الگوريتم­هاي دسته­بندي قبل و بعد از خوشه­بندي بپردازد. در اين پژوهش يك الگوريتم ژنتيك (GA) جديد بر پايه استخراج قانون به منظور پيش­بيني شدت تصادفات بكار برده شده است كه   عملكرد آن با ديگر روش­ها همانند شبكه عصبي مصنوعي مقايسه گرديده است. نتايج   حاصل از آناليز 13673 تصادف برون شهري استان تهران بين سال­هاي 1391 تا 1393 حاكي از آنست كه الگوريتم ژنتيك پيشنهادي عملكرد بهتري نسبت به ساير الگوريتم­هاي دسته بندي دارد، بعلاوه الگوريتم ژنتيك پيشنهادي داراي بيش ترين سطح تفسير و نرخ دسته بندي (دقت برابر 0.87) در مقايسه با ساير الگوريتم­ها مي باشد.